The expansion of Greek civilization, through _____________ and _____________ led to the spred of __________________culture across the Mediterranean and Black Seas.
-trade
-colonization
-Hellenic
100
What was Greek mythology based on? (What type of religion?)
Polytheistic religion (worship of many gods)
100
Which city-state (Athens or Sparta) developed the most democratic form of government the world had seen at that point?
-Athens
100
Name 3 people who made major contributions to drama and poetry.
Drama -Aeschylus, Sophocles
Poetry - Homer (Illiad and Odyssey)
100
What did the Macedonian Conquest follow?
The weakening of Greek defenses during the Peloponnesian Wars
200
How did the land (geography) of Greece affect economic and social development?
-Agriculture (limited arable land)
-Commerce and spread of Hellenic culture
-Shift from barter to money economy (coins)
200
What did Greek mythology try to explain? (3 things)
natural phenomena, human qualities, and life events
200
Describe the social structure and citizenship in the Greek polis of Athens? (Who had citizenship and who didn't?)
-Citizens were free adult males, and they had political rights and responsibilities.
-Women, foreigners, and slaves did not have any political rights.
200
Name 3 types of columns that were contributed by Greek architecture.
-Doric (as in Parthenon)
-Ionian
-Corinthian
200
Who was the Macedonian king, and what did he conquer?
Phillip II conquered most of Greece.
300
How did the land (geography) of Greece affect political development of the city-states?
-Mountainous terrain helped and hindered
-They were designed to promote civic and commercial life
-Colonization because city-states were overpopulated and they were searching for arable land.
300
What do "Herculean" and "Achilles' heel" mean?
-Herculean = a difficult task
-Achilles' heel = a weakness
300
Which city-state had a rigid social structure and militaristic/aggressive society?
Sparta
300
Name 4 ancient Greeks that contributed to science and math.
-Established an empire from Greece to Egypt and the margins of India
-Adopted Greek culture and extended cultural influences throughout his empire
-Aristotle was his teacher
500
Label key places on the map of the Aegean Basin: Athens, Sparta, Asia Minor, Europe, Mt. Olympus, Balkan Peninsula, Peloponnesus Peninsula, Troy, and Macedonia.
(See map.)
500
What impact did Greek mythology have on later civilizations and the contemporary world?
Many of Western civilization's symbols, metaphors, words, and idealized images come from ancient Greek mythology.
500
Tell about the contrasting philosophies of government that divided Athens and Sparta. (How were they ruled and what was each of the "types of rule" called?)
Athens - democracy (ruled by the people)
Sparta - Oligarchy (ruled by a small group, usually a council of elders)
500
Tell about the Golden Age of Pericles.
-Happened mostly between the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars
-Pericles extended democracy (so most males had equal voice)
500
Tell about the Hellenistic Age. (When and what was it? How was it spread?)
-Followed Alexander's conquest of Persia
-It was a blend of Greek and oriental elements of culture.
-It was spread through trade.