Vocabulary & Hodgepodge
Sparta
Athens
Persian Wars
Legacy of Ancient Greece
100
What are allies?
States that agree to help each other against a common enemy
100
What kind of government did Sparta have?
Oligarchy
100
What kind of government did Athens have?
Democracy
100
How did the Persian wars begin?
During the 400s B.C.E., the Persians invaded Greece, so the Greek city-states banded together as allies to fight the Persians
100
What was the most famous temple standing on the acropolis in Athens?
The Parthenon
200
Define cavalry.
Soldiers who ride on horses
200
The Spartan economy relied on _______ and ___________________.
Farming, conquering other people
200
What was the Athenian economy based on?
Trade
200
How did the Persians build a large empire?
By conquering their neighbors
200
In addition to architecture and sculpture, the ancient Greeks excelled in ______, the art of the theater.
drama
300
What is the hill above a Greek city on which temples were built?
The acropolis
300
What was the most important aspect in Spartan education?
Military training, to protect Sparta, to be a brave soldier, etc.
300
What was the group that debated on proposed laws called?
The Assembly
300
The Battle of Thermopylae is known for the Greeks' bravery against the invading Persians when there were only about ___ (number) Greeks fighting against 180,000 Persians.
300
300
Why was Socrates executed?
Socrates was a great philosopher who taught others by asking them questions that forced them to think about their beliefs. His constant questioning got him in trouble; he was accused of not honoring the gods and leading young people into error and disloyalty. When he was brought to trial, the jury found Socrates guilty and sentenced him to death.
400
Who is the goddess of agriculture?
Demeter
400
List two things that Spartan women could do that Athenian women couldn't.
They were expected to be strong and healthy, they could speak with their husband's friends, they could own and control their own property, they had to look after their property when their husbands were away.
400
Describe the life of women in Athens.
-Few had jobs (some were priestesses) -Most worked at home-managing the household and raising the children -Had a separate room at home -Never went out alone -Educated her sons until age 6-7 and her daughters until age 15 -Fewer rights than citizens
400
What was the end result of the Battle of Salamis when one of the sides' navy came to the rescue?
The Greeks won the Battle of Salamis with help from their navy.
400
Name the three types of columns used by the Greeks
Doric, Ionic, Corinthian
500
Name the three "big" gods and state what they are the god of.
Zeus-the god of the sky and the ruler of the gods Poseidon-the god of the ocean Hades-the god of the underworld
500
What was the distance between Sparta and Athens?
About 150 miles
500
What would happen if not enough people came to at the Assembly? How many people had to come?
If less than 6,000 people came, slaves would round up more citizens with ropes dipped in red paint. Their clothes would be stained with red marks, and citizens would be embarrassed about these marks.
500
How did the conclusion of the Battle of Salamis affect Athens?
The city of Athens was in ruins, but the Athenians still fought along side the Spartans at the Battle of Plataea and defeated the Persians.
500
Describe the Panathenaic Games
The Panathenaic Games included many events like horse and chariot races, footraces, running in armor, combat sports like boxing and wrestling, and the pancratium, where men were allowed to punch, kick, and even choke each other until the other fighter surrendered, lost consciousness, or died. The winners of these dangerous games were crowned with wreaths of laurel leaves and given pots filled with olive oil.
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