Vocab
“the rule of many”; government by the people.
Democracy
ruler who seized power by force from the aristocrats.
Tyrants
King who lived his fathers dream of conquering the Persian Empire.
Alexander the Great
How did Sparta win the Peloponnesian War?
-Plague strikes Athens - kills ⅓ of population
-Athenian fleet is eventually destroyed and Spartans wear them out after nearly 25 years
Fortified gathering place at the top of a hill that was sometimes the site of temples and public buildings.
Acropolis
“the rule of the few” form of government in which a select group of people exercises control.
Oligarchy
He wrote on the Trojan Wars. Was questioned if his accounts were accurate?
Homer
Why did the Peloponnesian War begin? Who won?
Sparta concerned of Athens becoming too powerful in Greece
Sparta won
open area that served as a gathering place and as a market
Agora
systematic analysis of past events.
History
wrote on the History of the Persian Wars
Herodotus
List three characteristics of Sparta
-Army
-Oligarchy
-in the military until 60.
-young boys forced to join military
-women expected to be strong to give birth to next generation of Spartan Military
-helped beat the Persian Empire
-Defeated the Athens in the Peloponnesian War.
early Greek city-state, consisting of a city or town and its surrounding countryside
Polis
organized system of thought; “lover of wisdom.”
Philosophy
was a regent but overthrew his nephew and crowned himself king of Macedonia.
Phillip II
List three characteristics of Athens
-Democracy
-Pericles is the big general/leader
-Had a great navy fleet
-Education and Philosophy important
-defeated the Persian Empure and was an empire in Greeks
-lost the Peloponnesian war
captive person who was forced to work for the conqueror.
Helot
wall of shields created by foot soldiers marching shoulder to shoulder in a rectangular formation.
Phalanx
General during the height of the Athenian Empire.
Pericles
What is unique about the size of Greece? Describe the land of ancient Greece. What is the climate like?
-Not very big: about the size of Louisiana
-Hilly, not a lot of farmable land. Farm land is pretty fertile though
-Mild, nice weather.