War
What was the first battle of Greco-Persian Wars?
The Battle at Marathon
Who makes up the Peloponnesian League?
Sparta and its allies
Who was the Macedonian King determined to unite Greece through diplomacy and conquest?
Phillip II
How did Alexander the Great spread Greek culture throughout the empire?
Conquest, marriage, wore Persian garbs
What did Alexander name a multitude of the cities he captured?
Alexandria
Who led the Spartans at the battle of Thermopylae?
King Leonidas I
Who makes up the Delian league?
Athens and its allies
After the king Philip II's death, who replaced him and how old was he?
Alexander the Great, 20 years old
What does the word Hellenistic mean?
“to imitate Greeks” It is an appropriate way to describe an age that saw the expansion of the Greek language and ideas to the non-Greek world of southwest Asia and beyond
What are two reasons why Athens under Pericles was known as the "Golden Age" of Athens?
a) Economy thrived
b) Athens was at its most democratic
c) Cultural center of Greece
What was the Battle where 300 Spartans and about a 1000 other Greeks sacrificed themselves to protect Athens over the course of three days?
Battle of Thermopylae
What event left the Greek world divided into 2 camps?
Persian War
Who was one of Alexander's teachers?
Aristotle
The Hellenistic Era was a period of considerable cultural accomplishment in which 4 areas?
Science, Math, Literature Philosophy
How does the Hellenistic Civilization compare to the United States?
Who ran 26.2 miles from the Battle of Marathon?
Philippides
Who won the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta
What is Alexander's military legacy?
(4 regions he conquered)
He had extended Greek and Macedonians rule over a vast area. His empire stretched from Greece, through Persia, to Egypt and the Indian subcontinent.
What were the 2 new systems of thought?
Epicureanism & Stoicism
Who was Pericles?
Political leader (general) of Athens
Why was the Battle of Thermopylae important for western ideas?
It presented democracy
What is one reason which allowed the Peloponnesian League to defeat the Delian League?
Athenian navy ineffective
Persia becomes allies with Peloponnesian League
Plague killed 1/3 of Athenian population
What is Alexander's cultural legacy?
Due to his conquests, Greek language, architecture, literature and art spread throughout southwest asia and the near east. The Greeks also absorbed aspects of Eastern culture.
What is one scientific contribution of the Hellenistic period?
astronomer, Aristarchus developed the theory that the sun is at the center of the universe while the earth rotates around the sun in a circular orbit, the new theory was not widely accepted
astronomer, Eratosthenes, determined that the Earth was round and calculated Earth’s circumference at 24, 675 miles, an estimate that was within 185 miles of the actual figure
Archimedes of Syracuse - he was especially important because of his work on the geometry of spheres and cylinders, as well as for establishing the value of the mathematical constant pi - He was also an inventor he devised the Archimedes screw, a machine used to pump water out of mines an too lift irrigation water. Built defensive weapons
How did the roles of women change in the Hellenistic Era?
Women were allowed to work outside the home and some held authority in the government