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What is a polis?
A Greek city state.
What philosopher founded a famous school for learning in Greece called the "Lyceum"?
Aristotle
Which continent are Rome and Greece located on?
Europe
Was Rome a monotheistic or polytheistic society?
Polytheistic. They took God's from Greek culture and renamed them.
Who were Plebians? Did they hold governmental power?
Plebs were the lowest caste in Ancient Rome. Reforms over time helped them gain more power, but overall not much was enjoyed by them.
What did the seaports encourage in Greece?
development of trade
The Golden Age of Athens took place during the rule of a man named____________
Pericles
Name two effects that mountainous geography had on Greek civilization:
–Hindered communication and unification (different cultures)
–Caused growth of independent city-states
What was the governing body of Rome called?
What class did they represent?
governing body of Rome was the Senate, which represented the upper class, known as the Patricians
Who was the first Roman emperor to legalize Christianity?
Constantine
Name at least 3 cultural forces that united the Greeks.
ancestry
language
literature
religion
olympic games
What is philosophy?
Who were the 3 most well know Greek philosophers?
the study of ideas about knowledge, truth, and the nature and meaning of life
Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.
Did Rome or Greece have more geographical advantages?
List at least one geographical advantage that civilization had over the other.
Rome had the advantage. Fertile plains (grow crops), near a river (water), Mediterranean climate (temperate weather).
Who was Jesus? What religion did he found and what groups of people did he appeal to?
Jesus of Nazareth He founded Christianity. It appealed to women, the poor, and the downtrodden. He preached compassion and equality. He preached monotheism. It threatened the Roman Empire. He was crucified.
What is the Parthenon and what was it's purpose?
It is an ancient temple to the goddess Athena who's ruins still stand
"We regard an individual who takes no interest in public affairs not as harmless, but as useless." - Pericles
Based on this quote, what do you think Athenians valued?
They valued participation in their government and political process. ex: democracy, voting, jury duty
List at least 2 main factors for the fall of Rome?
Military upheaval (invasions), economic problems (money), and the rise of Julius Caesar (political instability and corruption).
When Romans overthrew the Etruscans what did they establish?
What was it beforehand?
republic
monarchy
What was the large portion of the Roman population called?
What kind of jobs did they have?plebians
farmers, artisans, merchants
Whats was the Edict of Milan?
gave freedoms & equality to Christians (legalized Christianity) in the Roman Empire.
Name 2 things he did that are a part of why Alexander the Great was so "great"?
1) successful military leader
2) created one of the largest empires in the ancient world
3) Spreading of Hellenistic culture
What are aqueducts? Explain why this technology was able to occur and why it was necessary.
Aqueducts carried running water into cities. The expansion of the Roman empire required the use of running water for sanitation and living standards in cities. They needed to carry water from distant places into populated cities. Used for ex: drinking water, bath houses, etc.
What was Pax Romana?
Name at least 5 accomplishments of Rome during this time:
a two hundred year period of relative peace and prosperity -golden age
The coliseum, aqueducts (sewers), stable government, roads & infrastructure, expansion, coined money, written history, roman lawHow did Julius Caesar's rise to power start the decline of Rome?
He was appointed dictator. As a republic, the Senate lost power. Decreased the power of other parts of government.
What were the Punic Wars? What was the outcome?
Territory disputes. Rome defeats Hannibal after he attempts invade in the north.