The Indus Valley
What river was the Indus Valley located along?
The Indus River
In ancient India, were castes able to be changed? In other words, if you were in one caste, were you able to move up into another?
No, castes were set in ancient India.
What is the name of the sacred text that forms the basis of Hinduism?
Upanishads
Which of the following statements about Buddhism is accurate:
a. Buddhism is still widely practiced in India
b. No Buddhists live in Asia
c. All Buddhists live in monasteries
d. Buddhism is not practiced anywhere outside of Asia
a. Buddhism is still widely practiced in India
Who united India first, the Mauryans or the Guptas?
Mauryans
How did the Indus River lead to trade?
The river gave them resources and helped them travel to places as far as Mesopotamia.
What type of grouping is a JATI?
Jati is a birth group
Why did Hinduism spread so much?
All gods are forms of Brahman, so people didn't have to give up their religion to join, and people could worship outside a temple or church.
According to the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism, what must people do to end their suffering?
Follow the Eightfold Path
How did Chandragupta make his empire endure?
He used a bureaucracy that split his empire into provinces and kept control of everything, a tax system to pay government workers and soliders, and a system of spies to ensure his enemies wouldn't take him down.
How did the Indus River lead to a civilization in India?
River leads to food surplus which leads to a growing population which leads to job specialization which leads to a civilization.
What are the Vedas and what is their importance?
The Vedas are a collection of thousands of sacred hymns about making offerings and praising the gods. They are important because they form the basis of Hinduism.
What are the 2 core beliefs of Hinduism?
2: Everyone is born with a permanent soul
What beliefs do Hinduism and Buddhism have in common?
Karma, reincarnation, moral and ethical society
What steps did Asoka make to support Buddhism in the Mauryan Empire?
He converted to Buddhism himself, built stone pillars throughout the empire to apologize for war and give ideas for living a moral life, and built many temples and monasteries around the empire for worship.
How did the environment impact the Indus Valley? In other words, how did they use their environment to set up their city?
They used mud to build thick walls around the city for protection, built irrigation canals, had space to spread the city out, built the city in a grid pattern, and a sewer system
What type of grouping is a VARNA?
Varna is based on skill, like a job
What are the 4 goals of Hinduism?
1. Dharma, doing what is right
2. Strive for well-being
3. Seeking pleasure/enjoyment
4. Moksha, or freedom from reincarnation
What is the goal of Buddhism?
Enlightenment and Nirvana
What advances in the arts did the Guptas make?
Invented chess
told stories through music, dance, costumes, and make up
favored Hinduism and based most of their art on it
Built temples and monasteries into rocks and cliffs
Had fables and poetry
Used string instruments and drums
What are the mysteries of the Indus River Valley?
Where they came from, their government, their religion, how to read their writing, and why they disappeared
Draw a diagram of India's Caste System. Be sure to include the names of each caste, the jobs in the caste, and one fact you know about the system overall.
See doc cam
How does karma impact reincarnation?
Reincarnation is rebirth, or being born again. Karma determines what life you will be born into. If you lived a moral life, you move up in caste, if you lived an immoral life, you move down in caste.
In the Eightfold Path, what are each set of steps for?
First two steps:
Next three steps:
Last three steps:
First two steps: Prepare your mind for a new life
Next three steps: Take charge of your behavior
Last three steps: Train your mind to gain enlightenment
What were advances in math and science that the Guptas made?
Created the decimal system
Created the numeral system and number 0
Discovered Earth's rotation on its axis creates day and night
Discovered eclipses
Discovered the moon shines because it reflects the sunlight
Created Ayurvedic medicine
Aryabhata's math book
Became experts at metallurgy