Stone Age
What are the names of the 2 periods in the Stone Age?
Paleolithic Era (Old Stone Age)
Neolithic Era (New Stone)
What did the Mesopotamians use for their crops?
Irrigation systems and plows
Why would you want to settle in Ancient Mesopotamia?
Rich water supply, flat fertile land, and rich supply of fish and waterfowl
How many empires of Mesopotamia were there? What are they in order?
4- Akkadian, Babylonian, Assyrian, and Neo-Babylonian
Who was the first king/ruler?
What changed from the Paleolithic Era to the Neolithic Era?
Agriculture- the ability to grow crops and domesticate animals
What was an example of a job in Ancient Mesopotamia?
Farming, fisherman, metalworkers, priests, landowners, government officials, and merchants.
Why would you not want to settle in Mesopotamia?
Flood patterns were irregular, city states fought over water rights, did not provide any natural barriers, and limited vegetation and mineral resources
Which empire demanded loyalty of the governors, and if they were disloyal were replaced?
Akkadian Empire
What was the greatest achievement of the Akkadians?
They created the world's first empire.
What were 3 characteristics of the Paleolithic Era?
Hunter-gatherers
Nomadic- moved from place to place
Temporary shelters
Everyone helped with finding food
Simple tools, clothing, etc
How many social classes were there in Sumer? Name them and describe who was in them.
3 social classes.
Upper- priests, landowners, and government officials
Middle- Merchants, artisans, farmers, and fishermen
Bottom- Slaves
What was the first major civilization in history?
Sumer
Which empire had Hammurabi and his code of laws? What was it based on?
Babylonian Empire, and it was based on "an eye for an eye"
What did the Ancient Mesopotamians use to write on?
They used clay tablets or steles.
What were 3 characteristics of the Neolithic Era?
Regular food supply
Stay in one place
Permanent shelters/homes
Specialization of labor and communities shared work
Better resources which led to trade
What were the duties of the king?
What were city states designed for?
Protection
Which empire would sometimes force entire populations to leave areas they had recently conquered? Please list some strategies they would also use in battle as well.
Assyrian Empire.
Strategies were siege warfare, battering rams, iron weapons, and moveable towers.
Which society was unusually fair for its time? How so?
Babylonian Empire.
Slaves could work elsewhere and keep their wages, could own property, and could buy their freedom.
Women could own their own property, and could keep money of their own.
Name at least two animals and two landforms in Ancient Mesopotamia?
Sheep, goats, pigs, lions, and deer
Mountains, deserts, and rivers
How many characteristics of a civilization are there? What are they?
7- Stable food supply, social structure, government, religion, culture, technology, and writing
What things led to a system of trading?
Irrigation, the plow, and the wheel/cart helped crops grow which led to a surplus of food and then a system of trading
Which empire built 2 thick walls (an inner wall and an outer wall? How thick was it? What other defense did it have?
Neo-Babylonian Empire.
Walls were thick enough for 2 chariots to pass each other atop them.
A moat was dug around the outer wall.
Which downfall was because of the Persians?
Neo-Babylonian Empire