GOVERNMENT and FAMILY LIFE
ARCHITECTURE and ACHIEVEMENTS
RELIGION
AGRICULTURE
GEOGRAPHY
100
What type of government existed in BOTH civilizations?
Theocracy
100
What are Zigurrats?
They are a praying establishment and they are built to house Gods when they come to earth.
100
Which ancient civilization believed that their gods can take form of animals, humans, or both?
Ancient Egypt
100
What does IRRIGATION mean?
It means "the watering of the land"
100
What is CLIMATE? What is the climate of Mesopotamia during the summer and the winter?
CLIMATE is the weather conditions that occur in an area over a long period of time. During the summer, Mesopotamia is hot and dry. During the winter, it is mild and wet.
200
Egypt was divided into several regions that had their own courts, treasury and military. What were these regions called?
Nomes
200
What is the purpose of a pyramid? What was it made out of?
The purpose is to create a tomb to house a pharoah, his family and his possessions for the afterlife. It were made of stone
200
This ancient civilization believed that other than their kings, there is someone else who can understand the wishes of their gods. Which ancient civilization believed this? Who is this other person that can understand the gods?
The Mesopotamians believed that the priests can understand the gods.
200
Which ancient civilization used a SHADUF? What is it and why was it important for this civilization?
The Ancient Egyptians used a shaduf, which is a device used to raise water from the Nile or to move water from irrigation ditches to the fields. The shaduf was important because it allowed dry lands to grow crops.
200
Where was Mesopotamia located? (*hint: 2 words) Why was it called that?
It was located in the FERTILE CRESCENT. It was called that because the land was arch-shaped like a crescent, and it was fertile due to flooding of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
300
How are the roles and rights of women similar and different between the two civilizations?
They both can own property. Mesopotamian women could established their own businesses. Egyptian women worked at home, could divorce husbands
300
Who created the wheel? Name three ways this civilization used the wheel.
The Mesopotamians created the wheel. They used wheels to transport people and goods, as pulleys to raise water from wells, as potter's wheel to make containers.
300
What is name of the technique used to preserve a dead body? Why did Ancient Egyptians do this?
The technique is called mummification. Ancient Egyptians did this because they believe it prepares the dead for the afterlife and the soul could return to the body if it was preserved and kept in a tomb.
300
How did Ancient Mesopotamia irrigate their land, since they did not use a shaduf (an Ancient Egyptian invention)?
They built dams (barriers that hold back water) and canals/waterways to control the movement of water
300
Why were the locations of Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt good places to settle?
They were good for settlement because: -both had fertile land to grow crops -both had animals to allow domestication of animals and for food
400
The process of how people became lugals changed over time. How was it in the beginning, and then what changed?
In the beginning, lugals were elected by the assembly (group of people elected by the citizens). Later, lugals considered themselves as gods and handed over power to family members.
400
Are our number system today and calendar today DIFFERENT than the ones used in Ancient Egypt? How so or how not so?
They are the same as the ones used in Ancient Egypt. Both number systems are based on the number 10. Both calendars are based on a year with 365 days, 12 months, and 30 days per month.
400
In Ancient Egypt, who did the priests represent and what did they do on their behalf?
The priests represented the pharaoh and they made offerings to the gods on his behalf. They also performed spells and rituals.
400
What did BOTH ancient civilizations use animals for? Name 3 uses.
1)Domesticated (tamed) animals to have them work the land 2) For food (meat) 3) For clothing
400
What are the FLOOD PLAINS? Where are they located in Mesopotamia? Where are they located in Egypt?
Flood plains is a low, flat area of land beside a river that can be flooded during the year. -In Mesopotamia, it is located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. -In Ancient Egypt, it is located along each side of the Nile river.
500
In Mesopotamia, children learned different things because of their gender and wealth. Explain how were they different (where did they get their education? What did they learn?)
Boys of wealthy families went to school to learn how to read and write, math, science, history and geography. Common people trained at home or workshops, learning specific trades (pottery-making, metalwork, woodwork). Girls learned how to run a household.
500
What are hieroglyphs? What were they used for? How are they SIMILAR to cuneiform?
They are a form of communication that developed from picture writing and were used to decorate tombs, record information and stories. Hieroglyphs are similar to cuneiform because they both were developed from picture words and they both use symbols to represent ideas.
500
There are 4 things in common between Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt in terms of religion. Name at least 3.
1) They both have polytheistic religion. 2) They both believed the gods controlled everything on earth 3) They both believed that gods have human personalities 4) Both their kings (lugals and pharaohs) can communicate with gods
500
Why was the development of agriculture important to both civilizations?
It helped develop villages, towns and cities since agriculture allowed the population to grow by providing a large amount of food production.
500
In Mesopotamia, what is the rainfall like in the northern region and southern region? Were the land fertile in these regions?
-The northern region has plenty of rainfall, so it created fertile land. -The southern region has less rain, but the soil is still fertile because the rivers flood every year.
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