A trading system in which people exchange goods directly without using money
What is barter
100
By 3,400 B.C., Sumerian priests had created a new writing system called ___________, which uses triangular shaped symbols.
What is cuneiform
100
Sargon ruled the Sumerian city-state Kish. During this time he chose his daughter to fill what position and changed the language to?
What is his daughter was a high priestess in the city-state Ur and he changed the language to Akkadian.
100
Assyria lay north of Babylon, along the ___________ river.
What is Tigris
100
The Phoenicians were fearless ______________ who guided __________ full of trade goods through ocean waters. For years they dominated what?
What is sailors and ships, they dominated sea trade across the Mediterranean, just as the earlier Greek Minoan people had done.
200
A small set of letters or symbols, each of which stands for a single sound
What is alphabet
200
Cuneiform was used to record sales, taxes, and agreements. Around 2,000 B.C., the long poem known as the Epic of ____________ appeared in cuneiform on a clay tablet.
What is Gilgamesh
200
The Akkadians and Sumerians shared some __________ __________. Name one thing they shared.
What is cultural traits and one example is cuneiform or religious practices.
200
Some 20,000 tablets survive today, which are an important source of Mesopotamian history. What subjects were these tablets mainly about?
What is law, literature, mathematics, and science
200
Name three imports the Phoenician people brought back:
What is raw materials, including gold, silver, tin, copper, iron, ivory, and precious stones
300
Polytheism
What is the belief in more than one god
300
In larger Sumerian cities, temples known as ziggurats were built in the center of of the city. What were they used for and who lived there?
What is they were built for the priests to live there and communicate with the gods.
300
Around 1792 _____________ became king of Babylon. What is he best remembered for?
What is Hammurabi and Hammurabi's Code
300
Which Persian leader conquered Babylon?
Who is Cyrus the Great
300
How did the Phoenicians acquire great wealth according to Diodorus Siculus?
What is trading goods worth very little for silver. Which they would then transport to other areas like Greece and Asia to make a profit.
400
Hammurabi's Code
What is a set of laws that governed life in the Babylonian Empire
400
How did the kings and priests of Sumer support one another?
What is stating that the gods chose the kings and together the kings and priests created religious ceremonies that supported royal power.
400
Hammurabi's Code includes nearly 300 laws. Although some of the laws seem cruel, they did encourage what? This in turn, established __________ ___ _______.
What is social order and established Rule of Law
400
Using the chart on page 128, which of the peoples of the Fertile Crescent were the first to build a city?
What is the Sumerians
400
In the past, cuneiform was the main way of written communication. What did the Phoenicians develop? How many symbols were there?
What is the alphabet and it had 22 symbols, each standing for a consonant sound.
500
Rule of Law
What is the idea that all members of a society-even the rich and powerful-must obey the law
500
The ____________ and the _______________ are the two rivers that run through Mesopotamia. In which direction do they flow and into what body of water?
What is Tigris and Euphrates. They run south and flow into the Persian Gulf.
500
The people of Babylonian cities had to buy and sell goods. They used new technologies to make these five types of items:
What is tools, weapons, pottery, perfumes, and medicines.
500
What was the purpose of a stone seal? Give an example of what one might look like.
What is to identify who an object came from. It was made from wet clay and might be a geometric shape or an animal.
500
The 26 letters we use in our alphabet today, are based on the Phoenician alphabet. The Phoenician alphabet quickly became one of the most widely used systems of writing. Why would a widely used alphabet make communication easier?
What is if you are traveling to a new land, you could communicate with the natives of that area. (answers can vary)