Beginnings
What year did Ancient Rome start?
750 BC
Who ran the Roman Senate early on in Ancient Rome?
The Patricians
Who did Rome fight in the Punic Wars?
Carthage, a city-state in Northern Africa.
The Roman Empire was led by who?
Emperors
What would happen to Roman emperors who were corrupt or in office to be greedy?
The Roman Empire's Military Legion would remove them from office.
Rome established what kind of government early-on after overthrowing Etruscan kings?
A republic
What was the center of city-states called AND what would occur here?
The Forum, there were marketplaces, plays and theatre, and the military would march here.
How many wars were there and how long did they last?
3 series of wars, 120 years total.
After transitioning from a republic to an empire, Rome became what?
The largest empire in the world.
The time era of Peace and Prosperity in Rome was called what?
The Pax Romana
Citizens were divided into what two groups in Ancient Rome?
Patricians and Plebeians
In the Roman Senate, who were consuls?
Two patricians elected by the Roman Senate to serve a one-year term as "leaders" of Rome.
What did they go to war over?
Land and resources like precious metals.
Who were THREE of the best emperors in Ancient Rome?
Julius Caesar, Augustus Caesar, and Marcus Aurelius
Why were gladiator battles so popular in Rome?
It served as entertainment and sports for Ancient Rome.
How did the system of government (a republic) work in Ancient Rome?
Citizens in Rome elected representatives to represent them in the Roman Senate.
How were the Plebeians represented in the Roman Senate?
A group of people called "The Tribunes".
What three reasons made this war challenging for Ancient Rome?
Carthage had an excellent military general named Hannibal, they used animals in battle the Romans had never seen before like rhinos and elephants, and Carthage had the world's strongest navy at the time.
Why was Julius Caesar viewed as a good emperor? (2 reasons)
He was an excellently skilled military general before and after he became emperor, he also expanded the size of the Roman Empire vastly.
What made Roman soldiers more advanced than the Spartans from Ancient Greece?
Roman soldiers became expertly trained, they carried tools, were equipped to travel long distances, and were trained in elite circumstances exactly like the Spartans from Greece.
What were THREE different rights that men and women had in Ancient Rome.
Men: Could vote at the age of 18, own land, be a member of The Roman Senate.
Women: Own land, be a member of The Roman Senate.
Why was the system of consuls and tribunes good for Ancient Rome?
It provided balance and allowed both groups of citizens to be represented and have a voice in the Roman Senate.
What three challenges did the Punic Wars create for Romans back home?
The war sent Rome into debt but also put a strain on the Roman people, many enemies became Roman citizens and Rome grew in size increasing the wealth of Patricians in charge, and average citizens did not benefit from this new wealth.
Why was Augustus Caesar viewed as a good emperor?
He brought peace and stability to Rome, he protected citizens with the creation of fire units, roads, and brought peace to Rome with no wars.
What were gladiators fighting for in gladiator battles in the Colosseum? (3 reasons)
They were captured soldiers fighting for their freedom to leave Rome, to have the right to become a citizen of Rome, or to get the approval of the crowd and Emperor at the time with a thumbs up.