Location
Easy to find on a map because it looks like a boot
Italian Peninsula
Romans believe their history starts with...
Twins Romulus and Remus
Patricians passed a written constitution that established basic rights and duties for Roman citizens in 450 BC called
12 Tables
After the founding of the republic, Rome expanded. It started as a small area in the middle of Italy but by 300 BC Romans had dominated which area?
Central Italy
Describe the Plebeian group
Mostly common farmers
Could vote but not hold important government positions
Mainly made up the assemblies of the legislative branch
This river provided a source of water at first but would later provide route for travel and trade
Tiber River
Why would those that own land also serve in the army
They could buy their own equipment
What is a republic?
Government when people elect their leaders
By 275 BC Romans had dominated which area?
All of the Italian Peninsula
Describe the Patrician group
Upper class, wealthy landowners
Held highest positions in government
Most Senators were Patricians
Settlers farmed at the base of the hill while they lived on the hilltops. How many hill made up Rome?
7
Fill in the blank from the Ancient Rome song...
We were a Republic
A government run
By elected ones
Who we call___________
The branch that's called the Senate is
Controlled by nobles called patricians
But the poorer citizens and
Workers were called plebeians
Who chose the citizens' assembly
Representatives
What is a tripartite government?
A three branch government
Many small farmers couldn't compete with Roman conquerors large estates and wealth. As a result, what increased in society?
Unemployment and poverty levels
All of Rome was made up of farmers but there was a gap between them. What created the gap?
Wealth
(Some were poor, some where wealthy)
These two mountain ranges helped protect Rome from invasion unless elephants were involved...
Alps and Apennines
When do historians believe that Rome started
in 509 BC when Romans overthrew the Etruscans and formed a republic
Describe the Judical branch of Roman government
8 judges that serve for 1 year
Oversaw courts and governed the provinces
In an effort to fix things, these people wanted to break up large estates and give land to the poor...their ideas were voted down and they were silenced
Reformers
Reformers tried to relieve tension between the wealth and poor citizens of Rome. Whose side did they favor?
Plebeians
Body of water to the south
Mediterranean Sea
What qualities did early romans develop that would help succeed?
Discipline, loyalty, and hard work
Describe the Executive branch of Roman government
Two consuls that commanded the army and government for one year
Each had the power to veto the other
In time of crisis, they could choose a dictator to rule for a limited time
Summarize the Punic Wars
Began 264 BC
3 long wars against Carthage, Rome won all
2nd war featured in Mr. Nicky song. Hannibal crossed Alps with elephants and almost captured Rome but Scipio defeated him
146 BC Rome finally captured and destroyed Carthage
Civil War broke out between 88 BC and 82 BC. Some supported the cause of the plebeians while others supported the patricians. Which side won this war? What happened at the end of the war?
Patricians won, General Sulla who fought for the patricians took power after the war and became a dictator