Geography of Rome
Which body of water served as the center of Roman trade and travel?
BONUS 100: Name the 2 other major seas that were part of Rome's empire
Mediterranean Sea
BONUS: The Red Sea and the Black Sea
How does a republic work?
BONUS 100: Explain how it is different from a direct democracy
The people/citizens elect representatives
BONUS: In a direct democracy, the people vote on laws and make decisions themselves
Lower-class Romans who worked as farmers, merchants, and artisans
BONUS 50: Why did they eventually revolt?
Plebeians
BONUS: They had little to no power/say in government
What was the official language of the Romans?
BONUS 100: Which languages are derived from it?
Latin
BONUS: Spanish, Italian, French
A government tactic that provided food and entertainment to keep citizens distracted
Bread and Circuses
The Roman Empire extended across these 3 continents
BONUS 100: Tell me the northernmost country it spread to OR the easternmost country it spread to
Europe, Asia, and Africa
BONUS: Britain OR Syria
BONUS 100: What was its purpose?
The Twelve Tables
BONUS: It made the laws public to everyone
What was the first monotheistic religion to spread through the Roman Empire
BONUS 100: Name the two emperors who supported Christianity and say what they did
Christianity
BONUS: Constantine ended the persecution of Christians; Theodosius made it the official religion of the empire
A period of 200 years, marked by peace, prosperity, and stability.
BONUS 100: Why was it significant OR which emperor did it start with
The Pax Romana
BONUS: It allowed people to trade freely across the entire empire OR Augustus
What is the famous building used for gladiator fights and shows?
BONUS 100: Romans improved on which architectural features from Greece to build it?
The Colosseum
BONUS: Columns and arches
Geographically, why was the Roman Empire easy to unite?
It was relatively flat with no high mountains
What was the most powerful governing body in the Roman Republic?
BONUS 100: Which social class did they come from?
The Senate
BONUS: Patricians/Wealthy, upper-class
Roman emperors practiced this by allowing conquered peoples to keep their own customs
BONUS 50: Is this a way of gaining or maintaining power?
Tolerance
BONUS: Maintaining power
Why were Roman roads so important during this time?
BONUS 100: What is the common saying about them?
They connected the entire empire; they allowed easy trade and moved the army quickly
BONUS: "All roads lead to Rome."
Name a concept that the United States has adopted from Rome's legal system
Innocent until proven guilty; right to a trial by jury; guilt needs to be proven by evidence; equal justice
Which river helped protect the city of Rome, especially from pirates?
The Tiber River
Which group of officials represented plebeians and could veto unfair laws?
The Tribunes
Why was Julius Caesar killed by his Senate?
BONUS 100: What was Caesar's famous phrase?
They feared he was becoming too powerful/an absolute ruler
BONUS: "I came, I saw, I conquered."
Which structures carried fresh water into Roman cities?
Aqueducts
Describe any 3 factors that contributed to the fall of the Roman Empire.
Answers will vary
Finish the sentence:
The city of Rome was at a natural ________________________________.
A natural cross roads
The Roman government had 3 branches that all shared power, what type of system did this set up?
BONUS 50: Name the 3 main sections/branches
A system of checks and balances
BONUS: Senate, Consuls, Assembly
Which emperor officially ended the Roman Republic?
BONUS 50: What type of ruler was he?
Augustus
BONUS: Absolute ruler
What did Roman architecture try to emphasize/show?
The power and wealth of Rome
Which emperor divided the Roman Empire into Eastern and Western?
BONUS 50: Why did he decide to do this?
Emperor Diocletian
BONUS: The empire was too large to govern/manage effectively