Egypt
A line of rulers from the same family that governed Egypt over a long period of time.
Dynasty
Rich, fertile soil left behind by rivers that helped Mesopotamian farmers grow crops.
Silt
A large, flat area of land that makes up much of northern India.
Plateau
The supreme ruler of ancient China, often believed to rule with the Mandate of Heaven.
Emperor
A famous athletic competition held every four years in honor of the Greek god Zeus.
Olympics
The powerful ruler of ancient Egypt who was believed to be part god and part human.
Pharaoh
A society with cities, government, religion, and social classes.
Civilization
A religion founded by Siddhartha Gautama that focuses on ending suffering.
Buddhism
A famous network of trade routes that connected China to Europe and Asia.
Silk Road
Independent cities in ancient Greece, each with its own government and laws.
City-States
The belief in one single god
Monotheism
The belief in many gods
Polytheism
The belief that a person’s actions affect what happens to them in this life and the next.
Karma
Something newly created or designed, such as paper or gunpowder, by ancient Chinese people.
Invention
A person believed to receive messages from the gods and give advice or predictions.
Oracle
A burial place where ancient Egyptians placed bodies and items for the afterlife.
Tomb
A system used by Mesopotamians to bring water from rivers to their crops.
Irrigation
Something that is holy or deeply important in a religion or culture.
Sacred
A war fought between groups within the same country.
Civil War
A traditional story used to explain natural events or teach lessons, often involving gods and heroes.
Myth
A person in ancient Egypt who studied the stars to help create calendars and predict events.
Astronomer
The world’s first known writing system made using wedge-shaped symbols on clay tablets.
Cuneiform
A social system in ancient India that divided people into groups based on birth and job.
Caste System
A term used by ancient Chinese people to describe outsiders or invaders who lived beyond their borders.
Barbarians
A public marketplace and gathering place where people in ancient Greece met to shop and discuss ideas.
Agora