ANCSA Legislation
The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act established ___ regional corporations and ___ (approx) village corporations.
12/13; over 200
What part of the ANCSA legislation did Rosita Worl refer to as ‘a form of corporate socialism’?
7(i) & 7(j)
Section 7(i) requires that any annual revenues that an Alaska Native regional corporation receives from ANCSA lands (e.g., from timber resources or natural resources in subsurfaceestate) must be shared in a 70/30 split. The allocation means that 70 percent of the revenue is dispersed to the other Alaska Native regional corporations and the remaining 30 percent of the revenue is kept by the Alaska Native regional corporation that developed the natural resource.
Section 7(j) ensures revenues from natural resource wealth are also shared with Alaska Native village corporations. Section 7(j) directs Alaska Native regional corporations to disperse 50 percent of the Section 7(i) revenues they receive to Alaska Native village corporations within the region. Unlike Section 7(i), Section 7(j) does not require any revenue sharing distribution from Alaska Native village corporations to other village corporations or to regional corporations.
T/F: Alaska Natives must prove 1/4 blood quantum in order to qualify for tribal membership.
F - every tribe sets their own citizenship requirements
The main flaws of the original ANCSA legislation include[d]:
1991 (20 year window for success), allowing sale of stock, land taxation, enrollment/’afterborns’, extinguishment of aboriginal hunting and fishing rights.
F
ANCSA legislation included a cash settlement of approximately $ ___ million
962.5
ANCSA corporation shares can/cannot be sold.
Cannot - shares can only be passed down in a will or gifted.
T/F: Every Alaska Native is eligible to be a tribal member if they can trace descendancy to an Alaska Native cultural group/region.
Maybe? Tribal status may depend on place of residency.
The 2021 _____ case challenged the status of ANCs to act as tribes for the purposes of receiving and distributing CARES Act funding.
Chehalis
In order for an ANC to expand shareholder eligibility, shareholders must vote to amend their _________.
articles of incorporation
ANCSA legislation included a land ‘entitlement’ of ___ million acres (or approximately ___ of the state).
44, 10%
T/F: Native corporations can claim sovereign authority similar to tribes.
F - Corporations are not sovereign entities, however can claim status as tribes for special statutory purposes.
Blood quantum was introduced by the _____(federal agency).
BIA - Bureau of Indian Affairs
The first round of CARES funding went to tribes. Why was this an issue?
Not all Alaska Natives are tribal members.
To date, __ of the 12 ANCs have voted to open their rolls t those born after 12/18/1971.
7
In the original legislation, a Native person had to be born before _____ and have a blood quantum level of ___ in order to qualify as a shareholder in one of the corporations.
Dec. 18, 1971, 1/4
The ___ collectively, are the largest private employers in the state of Alaska.
ANCs and their affiliated non-profit associations
According to Natasha Singh, ANCSA separated tribal governments from _____.
tribal lands; this inhibits tribal governments' abilities to govern.
T/F: ANCSA land conveyances have been finalized/settled.
T/F the 1991 amendments require 1/4 blood quantum for new enrollees
F: the 1991 amendments removed the blood quantum requirement originally set by ANCSA.
7(i) legislation requires that ___% of ANC revenues from ANCSA lands be shared with other ANCs.
ANCs disperse ____% of 7(i) revenues received to ____ within their region.
70
50; village corporations
ANCs have both economic and _____ responsibilities to their shareholders.
social
_____opted out of ANCSA and _____ became the only federal Indian reservation in the state of Alaska.
Metlakatla; Annette Island
Largest business in the state of Alaska:
Arctic Slope Regional Corporation
Name one of the Alaska Native Regional Corporations that opened enrollment to new shareholders:
Ahtna, Arctic Slope Regional Corporation, Bristol Bay Native Corporation, NANA, Doyon Ltd., Sealaska Corporation, and just recently Calista Corporation