Anemia Basics
Anemia develops when the body does not receive adequate nutrients needed for what process?
Healthy red blood cell (RBC) production
Iron is essential for the formation of which blood component?
Hemoglobin
Vitamin B12 is required for what key cellular process in RBC production?
DNA synthesis
Name one common symptom of anemia listed in the presentation.
Fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, dizziness, or pale skin
Which vitamin improves iron absorption when eaten with iron-rich foods?
Vitamin C
Name the three most common nutritional deficiencies contributing to anemia
Iron, Vitamin B12, and Folate
What happens to red blood cells when iron intake or absorption is inadequate?
RBCs become pale and have decreased oxygen-carrying capacity
What type of red blood cells are produced in Vitamin B12 deficiency?
Large, fragile red blood cells
What unusual craving associated with anemia was discussed in the presentation?
Pica (cravings for ice, dirt, or clay)
Name one folate-rich food discussed in the presentation.
Leafy greens, avocado, legumes, or citrus fruits
Why does anemia affect oxygen delivery throughout the body?
Because reduced or abnormal RBCs decrease oxygen-carrying capacity
Name one heme iron food listed in the presentation.
Beef, turkey, chicken, liver, or fish
What symptom distinguishes Vitamin B12 deficiency from folate deficiency?
Neurologic symptoms
Why do patients with anemia experience shortness of breath?
Reduced oxygen delivery to tissues
What financial barrier may prevent clients from following an iron-rich diet?
Cost of iron-rich foods
Which body system is most impacted first by anemia due to reduced oxygen delivery?
Cardiovascular system (increased heart rate to compensate)
Why should tea or coffee be avoided with iron-rich meals?
They contain compounds that inhibit iron absorption
Folate deficiency causes macrocytic anemia but lacks what feature seen in B12 deficiency?
Neurologic involvement
Name one less common sign of anemia mentioned in the presentation.
Brittle nails, hair loss, inflamed tongue, restless legs, or blue sclera
How does alcohol interfere with anemia management according to the presentation?
It interferes with folate metabolism and red blood cell production