The Usual Suspects
Which of the following is a general symptom of anemia?
A. Tinnitus
B. Fatigue
C. Hypertension
D. Diarrhea
B. Fatigue
Which anemia is caused by a genetic mutation in hemoglobin S?
A. Iron deficiency anemia
B. Aplastic anemia
C. Sickle cell anemia
D. Hemolytic anemia
C. Sickle cell anemia
Which symptom is unique to vitamin B12 deficiency anemia?
A. Diarrhea
B. Numbness and tingling
C. Dyspnea
D. Nosebleeds
B. Numbness and tingling
Which test helps confirm a diagnosis of pernicious anemia?
A. Schilling test
B. Hemoglobin electrophoresis
C. Serum iron level
D. Reticulocyte count
A. Schilling test
What is the initial management step for a patient with hypovolemic anemia?
A. Antibiotics
B. IV fluids and blood transfusion
C. Vitamin D
D. Radiation therapy
B. IV fluids and blood transfusion
Anemia is defined as a reduction in:
A. Blood glucose
B. Hemoglobin concentration
C. White blood cells
D. Blood pressure
B. Hemoglobin concentration
What is the most common cause of iron deficiency anemia?
A. Folic acid deficiency
B. Chronic blood loss
C. Viral infections
D. Bone marrow suppression
B. Chronic blood loss
What is a hallmark sign of iron deficiency anemia in the nails?
A. Clubbing
B. Ridging
C. Koilonychia (spoon-shaped nails)
D. Thickening
C. Koilonychia (spoon-shaped nails)
What would you expect in a complete blood count of a patient with aplastic anemia?
A. Isolated anemia
B. Pancytopenia
C. High platelet count
D. Elevated reticulocytes
B. Pancytopenia
What is the primary treatment for iron deficiency anemia?
A. Vitamin B12 injections
B. Blood transfusion
C. Oral iron supplementation
D. Immunosuppressants
C. Oral iron supplementation
Which organ is primarily responsible for producing erythropoietin?
A. Kidneys
B. Liver
C. Spleen
D. Bone marrow
A. Kidneys
Pernicious anemia results from:
A. Excess iron
B. Vitamin B12 malabsorption due to lack of intrinsic factor
C. Blood loss
D. Hemoglobinopathy
B. Vitamin B12 malabsorption due to lack of intrinsic factor
Which of the following complications is associated with untreated severe anemia?
A. High cholesterol
B. Heart failure
C. Appendicitis
D. Gout
B. Heart failure
A patient with sickle cell anemia would likely have which abnormal lab finding?
A. Hemoglobin S on electrophoresis
B. Elevated intrinsic factor
C. High B12 levels
D. High MCV
A. Hemoglobin S on electrophoresis
What treatment is most appropriate during a sickle cell crisis?
A. B12 injection
B. Pain control and hydration
C. Platelet transfusion
D. Chelation therapy
B. Pain control and hydration
Which lab value is used to classify anemia as microcytic, normocytic, or macrocytic?
A. Hemoglobin
B. Hematocrit
C. MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume)
D. Platelet count
C. MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume)
Which anemia results from bone marrow failure to produce blood cells?
A. Iron deficiency anemia
B. Hemolytic anemia
C. Aplastic anemia
D. Sickle cell anemia
C. Aplastic anemia
Select all that apply: Which symptoms are associated with sickle cell anemia?
A. Painful vaso-occlusive crises
B. Delayed growth in children
C. Acute chest syndrome
D. Hepatomegaly
A. Painful vaso-occlusive crises
B. Delayed growth in children (Correct)
C. Acute chest syndrome (Correct)
Select all that apply: Which lab findings are associated with iron deficiency anemia?
A. Low serum ferritin
B. High total iron-binding capacity (TIBC)
C. Macrocytic RBCs
D. Low hemoglobin
A. Low serum ferritin
B. High total iron-binding capacity (TIBC)
D. Low hemoglobin
Select all that apply: How is vitamin B12 deficiency anemia treated?
A. Intramuscular B12 injections
B. Oral B12 supplements (if mild)
C. Iron IV therapy
D. Folic acid alone
A. Intramuscular B12 injections
B. Oral B12 supplements (if mild)
Select all that apply: Which signs and symptoms are commonly associated with anemia?
A. Pallor
B. Tachycardia
C. Hyperactivity
D. Shortness of breath
A. Pallor
B. Tachycardia
D. Shortness of breath
Hypovolemic anemia is best described as:
A. Anemia caused by acute blood loss
B. Genetic red cell disorder
C. Autoimmune destruction of RBCs
D. Impaired iron utilization
A. Anemia caused by acute blood loss
Select all that apply: Which signs indicate a possible sickle cell crisis?
A. Sudden severe pain
B. Fever
C. Low oxygen levels
D. Polyuria
A. Sudden severe pain
B. Fever
C. Low oxygen levels
Select all that apply: Which tests would be useful for diagnosing anemia?
A. CBC (Complete Blood Count)
B. Reticulocyte count
C. Peripheral blood smear
D. Liver function test
A. CBC (Complete Blood Count)
B. Reticulocyte count
C. Peripheral blood smear
Select all that apply: What treatments are used for aplastic anemia?
A. Bone marrow transplant
B. Immunosuppressive therapy
C. Vitamin K
D. Erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs)
A. Bone marrow transplant
B. Immunosuppressive therapy
D. Erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs)