Anemia Basics
The distinguishing feature for the three categories of anemia.
What is MCV?
The mneumonic for remembering main types of microcytic anemias.
What is TAIL?
Thalasemia, Anemia of Chronic Disease, Iron Deficiency, Lead poisoning
The cell type you should look for next after determining that an anemia is normocytic.
What are reticulocytes?
The general underlying cause of a normocytic anemia with a corrected reticulocyte count > 3%
What is peripheral destruction (hemolysis).
Two of the main deficiencies causing megaloblastic macrocytic anemia.
What is vitamin B12 and folate deficiency?
The practical definition of anemia for men and women.
What is Hb<13.5 (males) and Hb<12.5 (females).
The marker on an iron study that is increased in anemia of chronic disease.
What is ferratin?
The stage of iron deficiency that results in normocytic anemia?
What is early stages?
A cause of extravascular hemolytic anemia that results from a glutamate to valine mutation in RBC?
What is sickle cell disease?
The definition of megaloblastic anemia.
What is disruption in production of DNA precursers?
This measure on an iron study is expected to be increased when ferratin decreases.
What is TIBC?
The pathophysiology of Thalasemia.
What is decreased synthesis of globin chains?
The acute phase protein most often described in anemia of chronic disease.
What is hepcidin?
A cause of intravascular hemolytic anemia that leads to decreased NADPH.
What is G6PD deficiency?
This type of anemia occurs when DNA synthesis is unimpaired.
What is nonmegaloblastic macrocytic anemia?
The two components making up heme.
What is iron and protoprophyrin.
The component of a RBC that is deficient in sideroblastic anemia.
What is protoporphyrin.
The type of normocytic anemia that results from damage to hematopoietic stem cells?
What is aplastic anemia?
The cells that destroy red blood cells in extravascular hemolytic anemia.
What are macrophages?
AKA reticuloendothelial system
Non-hereditary causes of non-megaloblastic macrocytic anemia.
What is chronic alcohol use and liver disease?
The most common type of anemia overall.
What is iron deficiency anemia?
The high yield surgery responsible for causing iron deficiency anemia.
What is gastrectomy?
The equation for corrected reticulocyte count.
What is %reticulocytes * hematocrit/45?
BONUS: Why is this necessary?
An acquired condition causing hemolytic anemia due to shallow breathing at nighttime.
What is paroxymal nocturnal hemoglobinuria?
BONUS: Is this intravscular or extravascular?
The most common etiology of vitamin B12 deficiency.
What is pernicious anemia?