Pharmacokinetics
Acids and Bases
Pharmacology
Physics
Physiology
100
The time it takes for the plasma concentration of a drug to fall by one-half.
What is the elimination half-time.
100
Substance which accepts hydrogen ions (H+).
What is a weak base.
100
Propofol's antiemetic properties are due to its interaction with these areas of the brain.
What are the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CRTZ) and the vomiting center.
100
The vapor pressure of Desflurane @ 20 degrees C.
What is 669 mmHg.
100
Type of cell transport which moves a solute against concentration and electrochemical gradients, and requires direct expenditure of ATP?
What is (primary) Active transport.
200
When a constant fraction of drug is eliminated per unit time.
What is first order kinetics.
200
pH in which 50% of a weak acid or base is in ionized form and 50% is in non-ionized form
What is the pK-a of the weak acid or base.
200
Ketamine interacts with this receptor to produce amnesia and profound analgesia.
What is the NMDA-type glutamate receptor.
200
Law which states that the greater the tension in the ventricular wall at end-diastole, the greater the stroke volume.
What is Frank-Starling's law.
200
Diffusion of this ion into the cell is responsible for depolarization of the axon.
What are sodium ions.
300
Three examples of drugs eliminated by zero order kinetics where a constant amount of drug is eliminated per unit time.
What are alcohol, phenytoin, and aspirin.
300
The form of a drug which penetrates both the blood-brain and placental barriers.
What is the drugs non-ionized form.
300
Two meuromuscular relaxants eliminated by biliary excretion.
What are vecuronium and rocuronium.
300
Law which states that the total pressure in a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the pressures of the individual gases (partial pressures).
What is Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures.
300
The state the neuron is in when the sodium channel is in the inactivated state.
What is absolutely refractory.
400
Examples of Phase I reactions which involve chemical biotransformation of a molecule to more water-soluble and often inactive metabolites.
What are oxidation, reduction, methylation, and hydrolysis.
400
Category of drugs which are weak acids.
What are Barbiturates.
400
Neuromuscular relaxant which can produce bradycardia (can be especially significant in pediatric patients).
What is succinylcholine (mimics the action of acetylcholine and directily stimulates muscarinic receptors of the sinoatrial node).
400
Law stating that pressure is inversely proportional to volume at constant temperature.
What is Boyle's Ideal Gas Law.
400
Receptor of the neuromusclular junctions of skeletal muscle, receptive to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
What are nicotinic receptors.
500
Examples of phase II reactions which involve conjugation of a drug or its metabolite with endogenous molecules, making drugs water soluble for excretion by the kidneys or biliary system.
What are glucuronidation, glutathione conjugation, sulfation, and acetylation.
500
Three examples of drugs which are weak bases.
What are ketamine, opioids, and benzodiazepines.
500
Drug which stimulates mainly alpha-1 and a minimal amount of alpha-2 receptors; does not stimulate beta-1 or beta-2 receptors.
What is phenylephrine.
500
Volume of one mole of a gas at standard temperature (0 C) and standard pressure (1 atm).
What is 22.4 liters.
500
Muscle structure which stores calcium when not being stimulated; releases calcium into the sarcoplasm upon stimulation; and participates in reuptake of calcium through active transport.
What is the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
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