Reverse Reverse
What is the reversal agent used for morphine?
Naloxone
What is the typical maintenance oxygen flow rate for patients weighing over 7-10kg?
20-40ml/kg/min
What are the 2 basic components of cardiac output?
Heart rate x stroke volume
What is the difference between hypoxia & hypoxemia?
Hypoxia=Low tissue oxygenation
Hypoxemia=low blood oxygen
What is the maximum safe clinical dose for bupivacaine for dogs and cats?
2mg/kg
What is the reversal agent for xylazine that we have at the VTH?
Atipamezole
Where do you read your oxygen flow on a bobbin style and a ball style rotameter (flowmeter)?
Top of bobbin, middle of the ball
At which receptors does dobutamine act?
Beta-1 & Beta-2
***may have slight alpha-1 activity, but typically overrun by beta-2
What is the goal minimum ETCO2 in a patient with CPA?
18mmHg
What is the approximate tidal volume for a 10kg dog?
100-200ml
What is the reversal agent for diazepam?
Flumazenil
What is the recommended maintenance oxygen flow rate for NRB circuits?
150-300ml/kg/min
These changes in heart rate and blood pressure could indicate hypovolemia
Decreasing BP w/ increasing HR
What is the expected PaO2 of an animal with an FiO2 of 0.73?
292-365mmHg
What are the approximate values for total blood volume in dogs and cats?
90ml/kg (dog) & 60ml/kg (cat)
While not a true reversal, what treatment is used for accidental IV administration of/treatment of bupivacaine toxicity?
Intravenous lipid emulsion
(Other useful treatments: benzos to control seizure activity, anticholinergics to treat bradycardia)
What are the 3 primary biproducts produced from the chemical reaction following the use of sodasorb?
Calcium bicarbonate, heat, and water
What is the minimum mean arterial pressure at which renal autoregulation is maintained?
60mmHg
Which two primary wavelengths does the pulse oximeter utilize?
Red light 660nm & Near-infrared light 940nm
What is the recommended mannitol dose for acute increases in ICP in dogs?
0.5-1g/kg
What the reversal agent we currently have at the VTH for rocuronium?
Neostigmine
What is the factor by which you multiply the PSI of your oxygen H tank to find out how many liters are remaining?
3.14
What does RAAS stand for?
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
What does PEEP stand for?
Positive end-expiratory pressure
Describe the difference/appearance of a Mobitz type 1 vs Mobitz type 2 second-degree AV block
Type 1 (Wenckebach)-gradual increase P-R interval until QRS drops
Type 2- Occasional dropped QRS (no change in PR interval)