sedation
what is the MOA of benzodiazepines
GABA agonists
which analgesics are suitable for compromised pt.
opioids
ideal induction agent for cranial surgery/trauma
propofol
what can inhalants trigger in swine
malignant hyperthermia
which local anesthetic has the highest CV toxicity, thus should never be given IV
bupivacaine
what sedatives have a biphasic effect on the CVS
a2 agonists
what NMDA antagonist can be used as a CRI for chronic pain
ketamine
agent w/ minimal cardio-pulm effects but causes adrenal suppression
etomidate
common complications of inhalant anesthetics
hypotension, hypoventilation, hypothermia
differential blockade
vasodilation → sensory → motor
which sedative acts as an anti-arrhythmogenic and has no analgesic effects?
acepromazine
which provides better analgesics: PO opioids or NSAIDs
what induction agent has the lowest impact on respiration
ketamine
which inhalant is hepatotoxic
halothane
lower pka
fater onset
Which benzodiazepine can be administered IV or IM?
midazolam
What are the best analgesics for GDV
pure mu opioids
preferred induction in avians
inhalants
what is the mac of iso in cats and dogs
cats: 1.71%
dogs: 1.28%
what change on bloodwork would indicate a greater risk of local anesthetic toxicity
hypoproteinemia
which sedatives should only be used in "normal/healthy pt"
a2 agonists
what opioid is really only appropriate for use in large mammals (like megaherbivores)
etorphine
induction plan in equines
muscle relaxant (GGR or benzo) followed by ketamine
how to avoid intra-op hypotension in cardiovascular dz pt.
keep inhalants low, top off w/ inj.
which shows the least chondrotoxicity
mepivacaine