FOOD WEBS
ECOLOGY
KEY TERMS
POPULATIONS
MISCELLANEOUS
100
What is the purpose of a food web? What do they show?
THE FLOW OF ENERGY BETWEEN ORGANISMS IN AN ECOSYSTEM
100
This is the study of relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings.
ECOLOGY
100
This is the total mass of all the living things in a specific area
BIOMASS
100
This is the name for the maximum number of living organisms that can be in an ecosystem without ecological degradation
CARRYING CAPACITY
100
Describe a predator/prey relationship
Cheetahs/Gazelles Hawks/Fish Sharks/Seals etc. any relationship where one organism eat the other.
200
These types of organisms are ALWAYS at the bottom of the food chain, due to their ability to create energy from the sun
PRIMARY PRODUCERS or AUTOTROPHS
200
What are biotic factors?
ANY LIVING ORGANISM THAT AFFECTS ANOTHER ORGANISM
200
The name for a group of organisms that are isolated geographically or reproductively
SPECIES
200
Define birth rate
THE NUMBER OF BIRTHS THAT OCCUR IN A POPULATION EACH YEAR
200
Name two specific types of symbiosis
Mutualism, Commensalism, or Parasitism
300
What are organisms that depend on other organisms as sources of food called?
HETEROTROPHS or CONSUMERS
300
The name for the behavior where animals move to a different place, usually for the better climate or conditions. Stimulated by environmental cues, such as the weather
MIGRATION
300
What is bioaccumulation?
THE ACCUMULATION OF SUBSTANCES (USUALLY TOXIC) IN AN ORGANISM.
300
This is the total number of living organisms living in a region. The number changes as births and deaths increase and decrease it.
POPULATION
300
Define a DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION
THE TRANSITION FROM HIGH BIRTH AND DEATH RATES TO LOW BIRTH AND DEATH RATES AS A POPULATION DEVELOPS.
400
Give two examples of a decomposer/scavenger
VULTURES, EARTHWORMS, FUNGI, etc.
400
A community of plants, animals and smaller organisms that live, feed, reproduce and interact in the same area or environment
AN ECOSYSTEM
400
This shows the biomass or bio-productivity of an ecosytem at any given trophic level
ECOLOGICAL PYRAMID
400
Give ONE example of a density dependent limiting factor and ONE example of a density INDEPENDENT limiting factor
DENSITY DEPENDENT: ENERGY, PREDATORS/PREY, COMPETITION, DISEASE DENSITY INDEPENDENT: NATURAL DISASTERS, TEMPERATURE, SUNLIGHT, HUMAN ACTIVITY, ETC. (anything that affects an ecosystem but doesn't have anything to do with population)
400
What is a niche?
AN ORGANISM'S ROLE IN THE ENVIRONMENT
500
What is the difference between a food web and a food chain
A FOOD WEB SHOWS HOW FOOD CHAINS ARE CONNECTED TO OTHER FOOD CHAINS, A FOOD CHAIN IS JUST ONE CHAIN GOING IN ONE DIRECTION.
500
What are abiotic factors?
THE NON LIVING CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PARTS OF THE ENVIRONMENT THAT AFFECT LIVING ORGANISMS AND THE WAY THE ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS
500
These organisms are both carnivores and herbivores
OMNIVORES
500
Define eutrophication
Eutrophication is when the environment becomes enriched with nutrients. This can be a problem in marine habitats such as lakes
500
This is the observed process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time.
ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION
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