ALLEGORIES
WHO DOES SNOWBALL REPRESENT?
Leon Trotsky
What kind of animal is Napoleon, and what role does he play in the story?
Napoleon is a pig who becomes the tyrannical leader of the farm after the rebellion
Who were the Bolsheviks, and what role did they play in the Russian Revolution?
The Bolsheviks were a radical socialist group led by Lenin. They overthrew the Provisional Government in 1917 and established a communist state.
What major change happens to the pigs' behavior in Chapter 10?
The pigs start walking on two legs, fully adopting human behaviors.
Who is Old Major, and what role does he play in Chapter 1?
Old Major is a wise and respected pig who inspires the rebellion by sharing his vision of a society free from human control.
WHO DOES BOXER REPRESENT?
The Working class
What is the animals' original motto after the rebellion?
Four legs good, two legs bad
Why was Tsar Nicholas II overthrown in 1917?
He was overthrown due to economic hardship, military failures in World War I, and growing dissatisfaction among workers and peasants.
What is the final version of the Seven Commandments written on the barn wall?
All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.
What is the main idea of Old Major’s speech?
He argues that humans exploit animals and that they must rebel to create an equal and fair society.
WHO DOES SNOWBALL REPRESENT?
The sheep
How does Squealer manipulate the other animals into continuing to support Napoleon?
Squealer uses propaganda, manipulative language, and fear to justify Napoleon’s actions.
How did World War I influence the outbreak of the Russian Revolution?
The war caused massive casualties, food shortages, and economic collapse, leading to widespread unrest and demands for change.
How do the other animals react when they see the pigs and humans together?
They can no longer tell the difference between them, realizing the pigs have become just like the humans.
What song does Old Major teach the animals, and what does it represent?
Beasts of England
What does pinchfield represent?
Germany
Why is Animal Farm considered an allegory of the Russian Revolution?
The story represents the Russian Revolution, with the pigs symbolizing communist leaders like Stalin and the other animals representing the oppressed people.
What were the main differences between Lenin and Trotsky in building the new Soviet state?
Lenin focused on centralizing power under the Communist Party, while Trotsky emphasized global revolution and a strong Red Army.
What is the significance of the pigs playing cards with the humans at the end of the novel?
It symbolizes the complete betrayal of the revolution, as the pigs and humans are now indistinguishable in their corruption and power.
How does Orwell use Old Major’s speech to reflect Karl Marx’s ideology?
Old Major’s ideas resemble Marx’s communist theories, advocating for a classless society where workers (animals) control their own destiny.
Who does Mr. Jones represent?
Nicholas Tsar II
How many dogs did Napoleon have?
Napoleon took nine puppies from Jessie and Bluebell and raised them in secret.
How did the Russian Civil War (1917-1922) consolidate Communist Party power, and what impact did it have on the population?
The war allowed the Bolsheviks to eliminate opposition, but it also led to famine, repression, and millions of deaths.
How does Orwell use the final scene to emphasize the novel’s central message about power and corruption?
By showing that the oppressed (pigs) have become the new oppressors, Orwell highlights how revolutions can lead to the same tyranny they sought to overthrow.
What foreshadowing can be found in Chapter 1 that hints at the eventual corruption of the revolution?
Old Major warns against animals adopting human behaviors, yet the pigs later do exactly that, showing how power can lead to corruption.