Hygiene
Name at least two signs of good health in animals
•Best sign is simply a content animal
•Alertness and chewing of cud in ruminant animals
•Shiny hair coat, bright eyes, and pink membranes
•Normal discharges of urine & feces
•Normal body temperature, pulse rate, and respiration or breathing rate
Define disease
Any condition that causes the systems of an animal to NOT function properly
What is the definition of immunity?
•Means that an animal is protected from catching a certain disease
What are the three types of pathogens?
bacteria, virus, protozoa
Where are intravenous injections given?
in the veins
Name at least two signs of poor animal health
•Rough hair coat and dull, glassy eyes
•Animal stays alone with its head down
•Walks slowly when forced to walk
•Abnormal feces, either too hard or too soft, as well as discolored urine
•Lowered production
•High temperature, labored breathing, and rapid pulse rates
Name a type of non-contagious disease
•Injuries
•Poisons/chemicals
•Poor nutrition
•Birth defects
•Other things not caused by an organism living within the animal
Name a part of the first line of defense
Define pathogen
An organism causing disease to its host
What type of injection is given into the muscle?
intramuscular
Name an important factor in good sanitation
keeping facilities clean, clean equipment, etc.
Infectious diseases are caused by what kind of microorganism that invades the animal's body
living
What do phagocytes release to intercept and destroy pathogens?
chemicals
What does bacteria invade in an animal's body?
cells
When giving an animal a subcutaneous injection, what do you make with the skin?
skin tent
You should never do what in the area where animals are kept? Name at least 1
- eat
- drink
- smoke
Define zoonosis
Diseases shared (transmissible) from animals to humans
What is not true about immunity?
a. No animals are born with immunity
b. Animals are born with some immunity
c. Colostrum is rich in antibodies
d. Serve the new animal until its own immune system can take over
A. No animals are born with immunity
Viruses have characteristics of both __________ and non-_____________ material
living
Where is the intraperitoneal injection given?
peritoneal (body cavity)
Name a place/practice that needs to be kept clean to keep livestock healthy.
housing, handling manure, controlling pests, isolation, pasture rotation
What type of zoonotic disease spreads rapidly over a very large area and effects many animals in a short period of time
panzootic
As the animal is exposed to more antigens, what builds up within the animal?
antibodies
Protozoa are ___________-celled organisms that are often parasitic.
single
Where are the other two places on an animal's body you can give medication?
nasal and oral