Careers & Economics
Name one animal health career.
Veterinary Services, Producer, Animal Health Specialist, Animal Health Product Sales, Research Scientist, or Animal Health Enforcement.
What is a zoonotic disease?
A disease that can spread between animals and humans.
What are antibodies?
Proteins produced by the immune system that help identify and destroy pathogens.
What disease does PRRS affect?
Swine (pigs)
What is biosecurity?
Practices used to prevent the introduction and spread of disease.
What is death loss?
Animals dying due to disease, injury, or other health problems, causing economic losses to producers.
Name two ways humans can become infected by zoonotic diseases
Direct contact, indirect contact, vector-borne transmission, foodborne transmission, or waterborne transmission
What is passive immunity?
Immunity received from another animal, such as antibodies in colostrum.
Which cattle disease is commonly called "Red Nose"?
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR).
What document is commonly required for livestock transportation?
A Certificate of Veterinary Inspection (health certificate).
How can disease affect food production companies?
Increased inspection costs, lower product quality, and costly food recalls.
What zoonotic disease is commonly spread by ticks?
Lyme Disease
Give an example of active immunity.
Immunity gained through vaccination or natural exposure to a disease.
Which horse disease causes swollen throats and difficulty swallowing?
Strangles
How long is a Missouri Certificate of Veterinary Inspection valid?
30 days.
Why might consumers pay more for food during a disease outbreak?
Disease can reduce the supply of livestock products, increasing food prices.
Name three zoonotic diseases discussed in class.
Rabies, Salmonellosis, Lyme Disease, Brucellosis, West Nile Virus, Ringworm, E. coli, or Q Fever
What is a toxoid?
A modified toxin that stimulates the animal to produce antibodies against that toxin.
Which poultry disease can cause reduced egg production, sudden death, and purple discoloration?
Avian Influenza
What is contact tracing?
Identifying and monitoring animals that have been in contact with infected animals.
Name three economic concerns related to animal health.
Death loss, disease treatment costs, loss of production, inspection costs, product quality loss, food recalls, and increased food prices.
Explain the difference between direct and indirect transmission.
Direct transmission occurs through contact with an infected animal or its body fluids. Indirect transmission occurs through contaminated surfaces, equipment, or environments.
Compare active and passive immunity.
Active immunity occurs when the animal produces its own antibodies through exposure or vaccination. Passive immunity occurs when antibodies are received from another source, such as colostrum.
Why is prevention often preferred over treatment?
Prevention reduces disease risk and is often less expensive in the long run than treating an outbreak.
Name three biosecurity practices
Quarantine, isolation, restricted access, sanitation, hygiene protocols, contact tracing, or maintaining accurate records.