Parts of Digestive Systems
What is the beginning of the digestive system?
The mouth
Which chamber is the "fermentation vat"?
The Rumen
List 2 organs that exist in the avian digestive system but not mongastrics
crop, gizzard, proventriculus, cloaca
What is digestion?
The process of breaking down foods for absorption into the body
What is 'cud'
The food a ruminant re-chews
What is the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach?
The Oesophagus
To aid in regurgitation of the cud and catching non-digestible things
What is the job of the proventriculus?
True stomach - glandular digestion of feed before moving on to the gizzard
Define peristalsis
Involuntary waves created by contractions of muscle that moves the food through the digestive tract
What can ruminants digest due to their specialized system?
cellulose
What is the main site of nutrition absorption?
The small intestine
What is the purpose of the Omasum?
Squeezes out water and grinds up feed.
What is the role of the gizzard?
Grind food for digestion in poultry
Define mastication
What is the fluid with enzymes that helps keep a ruminant's pH correct?
Saliva
What is the kind of acid found in the stomach?
HCl (hydrochloric acid)
Which of the 4 chambers of the stomach contain glands for digestion?
The abomasum
What is the function of the cloaca?
It acts as a waste elimination chamber for both urine and faeces
What are villi and what is their purpose?
Finger-like projections in the small intestine. Increase surface area to increase absorption of nutrients
Describe what occurs in the rumen
Microbes break down feed through fermentation
What is the role of the large intestine in monogastric systems?
Describe what this specialized system allows animals to do that monogastrics cannot
Ruminants can breakdown cellulose into usable carbs, the fermentation of feed in the rumen produces VFA which are then used to synthesise amino acids
Which part of the avian digestive system is glandular? And what does this mean?
Proventriculus - this is where the HCl and enzymes aid in the digestion of feedstuffs
What are the 6 essential nutrients?
water, carbs, proteins, minerals, vitamins, lipids (fats)
What is produced from the fermentation process in the rumen?
VFA (volatile fatty acids), gases (methane and C02)