Animal Nutrition Midterm Review

Nutrients

100

List the six essential nutrients.

What is...

1. Water

2. Carbs

3. Proteins

4. Fats

5. Vitamins

6. Minerals

200

This nutrient is most essential for life.

What is water?

300

This nutrient is essential for providing energy for bodily functions, is a major dietary of energy for animals, and is the largest part of the animals food supply - typical for most amount of fiber as well. 

What are carbohydrates?

400

This nutrient is typically a concentrated source of energy, providing 2.25 as much energy than carbohydrates; essential for skin, coat, and organ protection; often an oil; fed as a topdress on feed. 

What are fats?

500

This nutrient is needed in a small quantity, but essential for an animals physiological functions and metabolic processes. 

What are minerals?

Digestive Systems

100

*2 Part Answer

These two parts of the digestive system takes in the food, grinding it into smaller pieces and mixing it with saliva before sending it down the esophagus. 

What are the mouth and teeth?

200

Name the 4 digestive systems identified.

What are...

1. Monogastric

2. Ruminant

3. Hindgut Fermenters

4. Avian 

300

This structure uses microbial fermentation to aid in the breakdown of fibrous materials, and is a primary site of digestion. 

What is the cecum?

400

The _______in avian digestive systems undergoes rhythmic contractions to grind food into a paste, and further breaks down proteins.

What is the ventriculus (gizzard)?

500

This is the largest compartment of the 4 chambered stomachs, and aids in the digestion of plant fibers and complex starches. 

What is the rumen?

Feedstuffs

100

This is a high moisture, fermented feed, where nutritional value is still held. 

What is silage?

200

These are things placed in feed that are in addition to typical feed matter, including: flavors, colors, medications, other textural materials

What are additives?

300

These feeds are low in moisture, high in protein, and holds the same nutritional value as fresh forage. 

What are roughages?

400

_____________ feeds are concentrated sources of protein, carbs, and fats and are high in _______ and low in fiber. 

What are energy feeds?

500

This is a diet drawn up for your animal, and is a selection of the feedstuffs that will be combined to meet the requirements of a specific animal or group of animals. 

What is a (balanced) ration?

Sustainability

100

_____________ agriculture supports an ever growing, ever changing industry that is designed to allow future generations to be successful. 

What is sustainable?

200

_________ is the most expensive portion of animal production, representing up to 70% of the total costs 

What is feed?

300

This shows the amount of feed consumed in relation to the outputs produced from the animal.

What is a feed conversion rate or FCR?

400

Animal health and welfare concerns, human workers, and production facility cleanliness are all type of which sustainability factor?

What are the social factors?

500

List 2 environmental factors that are observed with sustainable agriculture.

1. Upcycling (feeding human food waste to animals)

2. Reducing emissions

3. Farming practices; increase soil health

4. Proper animal husbandry 

5. Conserving natural resources 

Bonus Questions

100

________ looks at what we feed animals and how it is utilized in terms of maintenance, production, and reproduction and how it is used in the most efficient manner.

What is animal nutrition?

200

This is the referral to feed that has the absence of water. 

What is Dry Matter?

300

What are the 4 compartments of the ruminant digestive system stomach?

What is the...

1. Rumen

2. Reticulum

3. Abomasum 

4. Omasum 

400

These are mandatory on all commercial feeds, and allow consumers to purchase the best feeds needed for their animals. 

What are feed tags?

500

This is the mathematical formula that is used to balance a ration; using 2 (or smaller amounts) of feed which determines the portion of ingredients to create a mixture with a certain amount of nutrients. 

What is a Pearson Square?