Terms to Know
Genes
Punnett Square
Random1
Random 2
100
Nature determines which animals reproduce. Also known as “Survival of the Fittest.”
Natural Selection
100
- A number from 0 -1.0 representing how much a specific trait is affected by the animal’s genetic information
Heritability Factor
100
Write an example of a homozygous dominate genotype
AA
100
List 1 measurable trait you could select for when choosing your breeding stock for sheep farm (EPD)
Growth rate
Number born(twins)
Wool quality
Carcass Fat
Loineye Area
100
List 1 measurable trait you could select for when choosing your breeding stock for cattle EPD
Birth Weight
Weaning Weight
Hight
Ribeye Area
200
A method of calculating the chances of inheriting a specific trait
Punnet Square
200
A form of a gene found in pairs on each chromosome.
Allele
200
Write an example of a heterozygous genotype
Aa
200
A breeding system where all animals are registered and whose goal is to produce high quality breeding stock
Purebred
200
What type of breeding strategy increases hybrid vigor?
Crossbreeding
300
What breeding strategy can isolate very rare genes by mating closely related animals?
Inbreeding
300
Traits controlled by a SINGLE pair of genes.
Qualitative
300
What is a phenotype?
Observable physical characteristics
300
What is considered a HIGH heritably factor?
.5 or greater
300
If the Dominant trait in rabbits was big ears and the recessive trait was little ears. What Allele pair would express the trait for little ears?
2 Lowercase letters (bb, or ee)
400
What does EPD stand for?
Estimated Progeny Difference
400
Traits controlled by several pairs of genes.
Quantitative
400
- If you cross a heterozygous polled cow with a homozygous horned bull, what percent chance will the offspring have of being polled? (Use a punnet square, polled is a dominant trait (P))
50% Chance of being polled (P)
400
What breeding strategy mates animals that are distantly related?
Linebreeding
400
External conditions that affect the traits and performance of an animal.
Environment
500
The potential an animal has to show specific traits or performance due to it’s genetic information
Heredity
500
What do you call when Both alleles are the Same AND What do you call when the alleles are different?
Homozygous AND Heterozygous
500
- If you cross a heterozygous merle Australian Shepherd with a homozygous solid dog, what percent chance will the offspring have of inheriting the merle coat pattern? (Use punnet square, Merle is dominant (M) to solid (m))
50% chance of being merle
500
What is a qualitative trait
A trait that you can physically see like animal hair color
500
Daily Double! Grab a spare piece of paper and write how much you are willing to risk
Which bull below would you choose for first time Heifers without sacrificing growth and WHY!!!