Research Basics
What is the act of making extensive investigations to discover or revise facts, theories, or applications?
Research
Name two common animals used in research.
Mice, rats (also: rabbits, cats, dogs, primates, pigs)
What disease is caused by abnormal cell division spreading through the body?
Cancer
What does USDA stand for?
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Who is known as the father of biology?
Aristotle
What kind of animals are used in research instead of humans because of similar traits?
Non-human animals
What percentage of genes do mice share with humans?
Over 90%
What is the study of chemical substances and their effects on living things?
Toxicology
What branch of USDA protects animal health and regulates the Animal Welfare Act?
APHIS
Who created the Theory of Evolution and supported animal testing?
Charles Darwin
What are the 3 Rs of animal research?
Refinement, Reduction, Replacement
What makes mice and rats especially useful for research?
Small size, low cost, prolific breeders
What is the study of viruses and the diseases they cause?
Virology
What committee oversees animal care at research institutions?
IACUC
Who invented pasteurization and developed the rabies vaccine?
Louis Pasteur
What medical advancement did animal research help develop along with blood transfusions and insulin?
Penicillin
What animals are used to study AIDS, leukemia, diabetes, and breast cancer?
Cats
Which virus studied in primates can cause paralysis and death?
Poliomyelitis (Polio)
What 1966 law protects animals from inhumane treatment?
Animal Welfare Act
Who is known as the “Prince of Vivisection”?
Claude Bernard
What type of studies test new treatments on animals before humans?
Pre-clinical studies
Which animal is used to study xenografts and helped develop the CAT scan?
Pigs
What life-threatening blood disease is caused by parasites and transmitted by mosquitoes?
Malaria
What act guarantees lifetime care for retired research chimpanzees?
Chimpanzee Sanctuary Act
Who founded PETA?
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals