nutrients
6 essential nutrients
water, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids(fats), minerals, vitamins
fiber; large part of ruminant diets
roughage
1. ingestion 2. mechanical digestion 3. propulsion 4.chemical digestion 5.absorption 6.defecation
Digestive process
are paired, oval shaped organs, produce sperm cells, produces testosterone
testicles
chemical secreted by an animal that affect other parts of the organism.
hormones
most vital nutrient
water
feed stuffs that are low in fiber and high in nutrient density
concentrate
takes place in the mouth, uses muscles, teeth, tongue, lips
mechanical digestion
produces eggs, produce female hormones
the mating of animals more closely related that the average of the breed or population.
inbreeding
Major component of plant tissues, is about 75% of diet, 3 types:sugar, starches, fiber
carbohydrates
oil seed by product, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, peanut meal, safflower meal, rapeseed meal.
plant protein supplements
one simple stomach structure
example: humans, dogs, cats
mono gastric
transport eggs from ovary to uterus
oviducts
the study of inheritance of genes
genetics
provide healthy skin, keep nervous system healthy, give food good flavors, carry fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, K
function of fats
give orally if possible, intravenously if life threatening, subcutaneous possible, check with veterinarian, 7-10% of body weight in 24 hours.
electrolytes
parts of the ruminant system
1. mouth 2. esophagus 3.rumen 4. reticulum 5.omasum 6. abomasum 7. small intestine 8.large intestine 9. reticulum
blister-like mass on the surface of an ovary containing a developing ovum
follicle
the term for the genes that an organism has
genotype
name 5 macro minerals and name 5 micro minerals
macro: calcium, chlorine, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, sulfur
micro: cobalt, copper, fluorine, iron, iodine, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, zinc
colostrum, milk replacers, fats and oils, molasses
absorption methods
passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport
forms after ovum is released from the follicle, produces progesterone
corpus lutem
gland situated beneath and stimulated by the hyphalamus, releases follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and lutenizing hormone (LH), which serve such functions as stimulating production of sperm and testosterone in males.
pituitary glands