Anatomy
Long large bone that runs from the knee to the ankle
What is tibia?
Asking questions about the injury is part of gathering previous information also known as this
What is history?
Among the more common injuries seen in athletics, these occur in the lower leg
What are ankle sprains?
This may result from one specific cause or from a collection of mechanisms including faulty foot mechanics, inappropriate or poor footwear that can create faulty foot mechanics, acute trauma to the tendon, tightness in the heel cord complex, or training errors
What is tendinosis?
Running shoes, which are designed for straight-ahead activity, should not be worn to play basketball, and is an example of improper use of
What is footwear?
Long smaller bone that runs from knee to ankle
What is fibula?
These are all part of this stage of assessing:
Is there an obvious deformity?
Are the bony contours of the ankle normal and symmetrical, or is there a deviation such as a bony deformity?
Is there any discoloration?
What is observation?
This ankle sprain is most common and often results in injury to the lateral ligaments.
What is inversion sprain?
Most commonly fractured long bone in the body; this injury is usually the result either of direct trauma to the area or of indirect trauma
What is tibial fracture?
Properly applied, can provide some prophylactic protection. Poorly applied does more harm than good.
What is athletic tape?
Heel bone
What is calcaneus?
_____________ in the ankle region should start with key bony landmarks and ligaments and progress to the musculature, especially the major ligaments that surround the ankle
What is palpation?
The anterior and posterior ligaments and the distal portion of the membrane holding the tibia and fibula together are torn with forced hyperdorsiflexion and external rotation of the foot as when twisting on a planted foot
What is high ankle sprain?
Any type of pain in the anterior aspect of the lower leg
What are shin splints?
Strengthening exercises should be done in ________ and inversion, which can be done by rocking the ankle back and forth on a wobble board, and also by using surgical tubing
What is eversion?
Front compartment of the lower leg
What is anterior compartment?
When fracture is suspected, a gentle percussive blow can be applied upward on the bottom of the heel
What is bump test?
There is some tearing and separation of the ligamentous fibers and moderate instability of the joint. Moderate to severe pain, swelling, and joint stiffness should be expected
What is Grade 2 Ankle Sprain?
Occur frequently in soccer, and the incidence can be minimized by wearing appropriate shin guards.
What are shin contusions?
The ankle should be dorsiflexed and the knee fully extended to stretch the gastrocnemius muscle, and then the knee should be flexed to about 30 degrees to stretch the soleus muscle
What is Achilles Tendon Complex Stretching?
Large compartment on the backside of the lower leg where most of the calf muscle resides
What is the superficial posterior compartment?
The coach grasps the lower tibia in one hand and the calcaneus in the palm of the other hand
What is the anterior drawer test?
These fractures often occur along with a sprain of the lateral ligaments of the ankle
What is medial malleolus?
conditions in which increased pressure within one of the four compartments of the lower leg causes compression of muscular and neurovascular structures within that compartment
What are compartment syndromes?
Relies on the central nervous system to interpret and integrate proprioceptive and kinesthetic information and then to control individual muscles
What is neuromuscular control?