Stress & Sickness
These are innate immune defenses and part of the acute phase response, a systemic enhancement of the immune system engaged early in the course of an infection.
What are sickness behaviors
True or False:
Major changes to farm animal welfare typically occur by legislation.
What is False.
The types of interactions that occur between animals and humans are typically classified into these three categories.
What are positive, neutral, and negative.
Tetrachromacy allows avian species to see in which spectrum?
What is UV.
These are the three characteristics of stereotypic behavior.
1. Repeated
2. Invariant
3. Serves no functional purpose
This type of immune system response is almost immediate after tissue injury or invasion of a foreign antigen. It is responsible for release of the cytokines that lead to performance of sickness behaviors
What is the innate immune response.
Name the three types of measures that are typically incorporated into on-farm animal welfare audits.
Resource based
Protocol based
Animal based
Any manner of relationships or interaction between a person and a non-human animal is the definition of what?
Human-animal interaction
Chickens, sheep, pigs, cattle, and birds all have large monocular fields of vision. Dogs and cats have larger binocular fields of vision. Why?
Prey species vs. predators
Social hierarchy in cattle is typically established by two categories of behavior.
Aggression & Affiliative Behavior
The two main physiological systems involved in the stress response are the:
Autonomic nervous system and the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis.
What is the major difference between applied ethology and classic ethology?
Applied ethology studies animal behavior in captivity. Classic ethology typically studies animal behavior in natural habitat
Name two examples of a successful stockperson that were discussed in class.
Knowledge of species specific husbandry, practical experience, ability to identify abnormal behavior, work individually or in groups, positive attitude.
Pheromones are important chemical compounds that allow for olfactory communication between animals and result in altered behavior and physiology. What organ is important for evaluating pheromones in an animal's environment?
What is the vomeronasal organ.
Unfamiliar scent, altered visual characteristics, behavioral/physiological issues, and environmental stressors are all reasons a ewe may do this to their lamb.
Reject.
Acetylcholine is released at the pre- and post- ganglionic neural junctions in which branch of the autonomic nervous system.
Parasympathetic
What six species are covered under the Animal Welfare Act?
Dogs, cats, guinea pigs, rabbits, hamsters, primates
Name two caretaker stressors discussed in class that may lead to poor human-animal interaction.
Poor pay, lack of training, poor job satisfaction, poor work motivation, difficult procedures (euthanasia), difficult circumstances.
Cats, dogs, and pigs are all capable of hearing high frequencies. Rank these three species from low to high in terms of their ability to hear high frequencies.
Dogs = Pigs (45,000 Hz)
Cats (65,000 Hz)
Name two behaviors that a wild boar performs regularly but are not used as extensively by the domestic pig due to domestication.
Bristle raising, tail movement, back arching, ear position.
These are the three stages of the general adaptation syndrome theorized by Hans Seyle.
What are alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.
Name the five freedoms
Freedom from:
1. hunger and thirst
2. discomfort
3. pain, injury, and disease
4. fear and distress
Freedom to:
5. perform natural behavior
The theory of planned behavior states that the intention towards these three components together shape an individual's behaviors.
What are attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control
What is the major difference in biological clock physiology between avians and humans/mammals?
Humans rely on photoreceptors within the eye to signal the SCN, which leads to activation of the pineal gland and synthesis of melatonin. Avian species utilize this same pathway AND utilize extraretinal photoreceptors within the pineal gland to directly detect light (leads to melatonin synthesis)
What three functions does preening serve in chickens?
1. Water resistance
2. Thermoregulation
3. Prevent injury to skin / infestation