Abolitionists
Name this escaped slave who became a leading abolitionist, famous for his autobiographies and speeches urging emancipation and equal rights.
Frederick Douglass
The large 1863 battle in Pennsylvania that marked a turning point in the Civil War and ended General Lee's invasion of the North. Name the battle.
Gettysburg
This package of laws and measures meant to ease sectional tensions; it admitted California as a free state and included a stronger law to return escaped slaves. Name this package.
Compromise of 1850
The 1849 event that caused a massive migration to California and accelerated its admission as a state: what was it called?
California Gold Rush (1849)
This 1857 Supreme Court decision ruled that African Americans could not be citizens and that Congress could not ban slavery in the territories. Name the case.
Dred Scott v. Sandford
She wrote a bestselling novel that galvanized Northern public opinion against slavery by portraying its human cost; identify the author and the novel.
Harriet Beecher Stowe | Uncle Tom's Cabin
This 1862 battle in Maryland was the single bloodiest day in American history and gave President Lincoln the opportunity to issue the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation. Name it.
Antietam
This 1848 treaty ended the Mexican–American War and forced Mexico to cede vast territories to the United States. Name the treaty.
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
This politician and Southern leader defended slavery as a "positive good" and argued states' rights in many debates; name him.
John C. Calhoun
The presidential election in which a Republican won without carrying a single Southern state, prompting several Southern states to secede. Name the election year and the winner.
Election of 1860 — Abraham Lincoln
This radical abolitionist led the raid on Harpers Ferry in 1859 aiming to spark a slave uprising. Name him.
John Brown
The Union strategy to blockade Southern ports and cut the Confederacy in two, associated with Winfield Scott. What is this plan called?
Anaconda Plan
A proposed addition to appropriation bills that would have banned slavery in any territory gained from Mexico; it failed but fueled sectional debate. Name it.
Wilmot Proviso
This violent series of confrontations (1854–1857) in a Kansas territory over whether it would allow slavery showed how popular sovereignty could lead to bloodshed. What is this episode called?
"Bleeding Kansas."
This federal law (part of the Compromise of 1850) required citizens to assist in the capture of runaway enslaved people and increased penalties for aiding escape. Name the law.
Fugitive Slave Act (of 1850).
Define "abolitionism" and describe one common tactic abolitionists used in the antebellum period to fight slavery.
Definition: movement to end slavery;
Tactic example: publishing antislavery literature, giving lectures, aiding escapes via the Underground Railroad.
The campaign that captured the Mississippi River’s last major Confederate stronghold in 1863, splitting the Confederacy. Name the siege or battle.
Siege of Vicksburg (or Vicksburg).
This 1854 law created two new territories and effectively repealed the Missouri Compromise by allowing popular sovereignty to decide slavery there. Name the act.
Kansas-Nebraska Act
The 1853 agreement in which the U.S. bought a strip of land from Mexico for a southern transcontinental railroad route and settled boundary questions — how much did the U.S. pay and name the purchase.
$10 million
The Gadsden Purchase,
*used to secure land for a southern railroad route.
The Confederate government formed by the seceding Southern states gave this man the presidency of the Confederacy; name the newly created country and its president
Confederate States of America
Jefferson Davis.
This abolitionist had a newspaper that was banned in the South for fear of influence. Name him and his newspaper.
William Lloyd Garrison
The Liberator
Explain the military meaning of "total war" and give one example of a campaign or action during the Civil War that reflects this strategy.
Total war = strategy of destroying an enemy's economic resources and will to fight (targeting civilian infrastructure as well as armies);
Example: Sherman's March to the Sea.
The 1854 purchase from Mexico that completed the present-day contiguous southern border of Arizona and New Mexico; name the purchase and explain why the U.S. wanted it.
Gadsden Purchase
The U.S. paid $10 million for a strip of land south of the Gila River to facilitate a southern transcontinental railroad and to settle border disputes.
This argument centered on claims of economic necessity, paternalistic care for enslaved people, racial inferiority, and a social order built on white supremacy
Southern Defense of Slavery
Identify the Union fort in Charleston Harbor whose April 1861 bombardment began open hostilities between North and South
Fort Sumter