General and Surface
What surface structure denotes the midline of the abdomen?
Linea Alba
What is the origin and insertions of the rectus abdominis?
Origin: pubic symphysis, crest and tubercle
Inserts: Xiphoid process
Your patient is having trouble reaching laterally and rotating ipsilaterally. What muscle is affected? What if it was just rotating ipsilaterally?
Internal oblique
Internal oblique and Transversus Abdominis
What is present only below the umbilicus within the abdominal muscle and fascia layers?
Scarpa fascia
What two arteries branch off the internal thoracic? What area does each supply blood to?
Musculophrenic: Anterolateral
Superior Epigastric: Anterior only
What surface structure is where the obliques, transversus abdominis and rectus abdominis intersect?
Semilunar lines
What is the origin and insertion of the pyramidalis?
Origin: anterior surface of pubis
Inserts: linea alba
Which anterolateral abdominal muscles are innervated by the L1 nerves?
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis
What is the fascia between the layers of muscle called?
Investing fascia
What are the branches of the External iliac a.?
Deep circumflex iliac a.
Inferior Epigastric a.
At what thoracic vertebral level is umbilicus normally found?
T 10
What is the origin and insertion of the external oblique?
Origin: Ribs 5-12
Inserts: Linea alba, pubic tubercle/crest
Your patient is having inflammation in their thoracolumbar fascia. Which muscles will be affected and which won't?
Affected: Quadratus Lumborum, Lats, Deep Back muscles, Transversus abdominis, Internal Oblique
Not Affected: External Oblique
What does the inferior epigastric a. Anastomose with?
Superior epigastric
What three arteries come from the posterior branches that supply the lateral abdomen?
Intercostal 10 and 11
Subcostal
Which cavity is continuous with the pelvic cavity?
Abdominal
What is the origin and insertion of the internal oblique?
Origin: Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, ASIS, and iliopsoas fascia
Inserts: ribs 10-12 and linea alba
Your patient is having trouble with reaching over and across to buckle their seatbelt. Which abdominal muscle do you think is affected?
External oblique
What does the common iliac artery bifurcate into?
External and Internal iliac aa.
What does the abdominal aorta bifurcate into?
R/L common iliac aa.
If someone were to stab you on the lateral side of your trunk what layers would they go through superficial to deep? What about on the front of your trunk?
External oblique> Internal oblique> Transversus abdominis
Rectus abdominis> External oblique> Internal oblique> Transversus abdominis
What is the origin and insertion of the transversus abdominis?
Origin: Costal cartilage 7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, ASIS, and iliopsoas fascia
Inserts: Linea alba and pubic crest
Which nerve provides sensory innervation for the inferior portion of the anterolateral abdominal wall?
Ilioinguinal
Ilioinguinal and Iliohypogastric
What are the two routes the inferior epigastric v. can drain?
Inferior epigastric> Superior epigastric> internal thoracic> brachiocephalic> SVC
Inferior epigastric> External iliac> Common iliac> IVC
Where does the external iliac change names? What is its new name?
Inguinal ligament
Femoral a.