Religion I
What is the native Japanese religion?
Shinto
What are the two main types of weddings in Contemporary Japan?
Bonus: Have weddings and death rituals in contemporary Japan become commercialized?
1) Shinto-style weddings
2) Christian weddings (cultural style)
*Buddhist weddings are rare
*Some people may also choose not to have a ceremony or a ceremony without religious components
Bonus: Yes
During what period was sushi invented?
Bonus: What is the authentic way to eat sushi?
The Edo Period
Bonus: Use your fingers!
What gender roles were common in the Edo Period?
A) Most women were full-time homemakers
B) Most women were farmers
Bonus: Variations in gender roles during the Edo Period were according to _____?
B) Most women were farmers
Bonus: Class
Ex. Farmers vs Warriors
The introduction of Christianity occurred in:
A) The 10th century
B) The 16th Century
C) The 19th Century
B) The 16th century
Given the cultural importance of purity: What is considered more important to clean in contemporary Japan?
A) The floors
B) The walls
A) The floors
What are "homeless souls" (muenbotoke)?
Bonus: What is one example of a person who may become a homeless soul?
The dead who receive no ritual care
Examples: Permanently single people, childless couples, people with married-out daughters but no sons
Name two items that you might find in a "Japanese-style" breakfast?
Options:
- Dried Fish
- Roasted Seaweed
- Steamed Rice
- Miso Soup
- Raw Egg
in the Meiji and Taisho periods (Pre-war Japan), many girls and young women contributed to the industrialization of Japan by working as:
A) Farmers
B) Office Ladies
C) Factory Workers
C) Factory Workers
Shinto is associated with:
1) Life-cycle rites for the living
2) Death rites and ancestors
1) ) Life-cycle rites for the living
When was Buddhism introduced in Japan?
A) 4th century
B) 6th century
C) 8th century
Bonus: When did it become the state religion?
B) 6th century
Bonus: 8th century
What rituals are required to transform the dead into benevolent ancestors?
Funeral, memorial rites, seasonal veneration rites
Drinking is culturally constructed as:
A) A social activity
B) A strictly religious activity
C) A social issue
A) A social activity
During the Postwar Period, men were associated with ___ and women were associated with ____ and ____.
Bonus: What was the gender ideal at this time?
- Men were associated with soto (outside)
- Women were associated with uchi (inside) and family
Bonus: New, urban, middle-class masculinity and femininity (Salarymen and full-time homemaker ideal)
How did divorce rates change between the late Meiji Period and the late postwar period?
A) They continuously declined
B) They continuously increased
C) None of the above
C) None of the above
See the graph posted on Courselink!
Which of these statements about contemporary Japanese religion is incorrect?
For many Japanese people, religion is often about:
A) A sense of belonging (family, community, or nation)
B) A strong dedication to studying sacred scripture
C) Blending of Shinto and Buddhism
D) Well-being of significant others and groups
B) A strong dedication to sacred scripture
How does Buddhism continue to be significant in contemporary Japan?
Bonus: What ceremonial assets are important?
Buddhism continues to be relevant to ancestor and funeral rites for families
Bonus: Family Altar & Family Grave
Name two characteristics of bathing in Japan
Options:
- a deep tub with a separate washing area (no toilet)
- Multiple family members may bathe together
- Grounded in ideas of cleanliness, pleasure, and social bonding
What was the national gender ideology regarding wives and mothers during the Meiji/Taisho Periods?
"Good wives, wise mothers"
_____ are more common in contemporary Japan.
A) "Love" marriages
B) Arranged marriages
A) "Love" marriages
What was the relationship between Shinto and Buddhism during the Meiji Period?
Bonus: In what period was religious freedom granted by the state?
- Legal separation of Shinto and Buddhism
- Socially Shinto and Buddhism were still blended
(State Shinto became the national ideology -not a religion)
Bonus: Postwar Japan
How are Neighbourhood Festivals changing in contemporary Japan?
- There are fewer people to carry the shrine due to social/economic/employment changes
- Women, newer neighbourhood residents, local university students, and foreign residents may be recruited to help carry the shrine
How is kimono used in contemporary Japan?
A) At schools & workplaces
B) Casual kimonos used at home, summer festivals, & inns
C) Formal kimono for ceremonial occasions
B) Casual kimonos used at home, summer festivals, & inns
C) Formal kimono for ceremonial occasions
What is the M-Curve?
Bonus:
How did the M-Curve change between 1979 and 2019?
A pattern of employment according to women's age
During the ____ period, people were obliged to be affiliated with Buddhist temples.
A) Edo/Tokugawa
B) Pre-war
C) Postwar
Bonus: Why?
A) Edo/Tokugawa
Question: Why?