General Anthropology
"Founding mother" of anthropology and also a student of Franz Boas
Margaret Mead
What is the study of primates called?
Primatology
The study of the structure of words; the component of the grammar that includes the rules of word formation
morphology
What is the belief that your culture is superior to others?
Ethnocentrism
Any object made, used, or modified by people found at a site.
artifact
One culture becomes completely merged into another and no longer has a separate identity
Assimilation
Often confused for "bigfoot", this primate stood up to 10 ft tall and was mostly found in Southern China.
Gigantophitecus
The mental representation of a speaker's linguistic competence; what a speaker knows about a language.
grammar
Term for maintaining the values of one's old culture, while trying to fit into a new culture
Biculturalism
A subdiscipline in which sites are located and recorded prior to construction projects, drainage projects, or urban development
Rescue/Salvage/Urgent Archaeology
What genus is the hominin species that lived during the Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene period collectively called?
Australopithecus
What are the four mechanisms of evolution?
natural selection, genetic drift, mutation, and gene flow
The smallest units of linguistic meaning or function
morphemes
The study of the characteristics of various peoples and the differences and relationships between them
ethnology
Archaeologists study past cultures through this, and it includes buildings, tools, and other artifacts that constitute material remains of past cultures
Material Culture
What is the approach that believes "no single aspect of human culture can be understood unless its relations to other aspects of the culture are explored"?
Holism/holistic perspective
The genetic isolation of populations may render them incapable of producing fertile offspring
Reproductive isolation
a morpheme added to a stem or root to form a new stem or word, possibly, but not necessarily, resulting in a change in syntactic category
derivational
a branch of archaeology tied to government policies for the protection of cultural resources and involving surveying and/or excavating archaeological and historical remains threatened by construction or development
Cultural Resource Management
A rock stele that provides the key to the modern understanding of Egyptian hieroglyphs
Rosetta Stone
The first theoretical anthropological perspective to take root. Proposed three stages of humanity (savagery, barbarism, civilization), and viewed cultural attributes as the effects of innate, biological differences.
unilineal evolution
Overlapping fields of vision, with both sides of the brain receiving images from both eyes, thereby providing depth perception
Binocular structure
type of assimilation in which a consonant becomes like a neighboring palatal
palatalization
The two kinds of field research applied in anthropology, one gives the perspective of the subject from within the social group, and the other from outside or the perspective of the observer
emic and etic
This theory tries to answer the question of why by looking at the relationship between social/economic aspects of culture and the environment of that culture.
What is Processual Archaeology