easy
what is primary hemostasis and secondary hemostasis?
primary-platlet plug formation
secondary-coagulation cascade
This drug prevents lysis of fibrin by plasominogen, promotes clot formation, can cause hypotension and bradycardia when given IV. (used to assist when pt is bleeding out)
aminocaproic acid
this is a new gen drug, treats DVT and PE, directly inhibits thrombin
dabigitran
heparin can cause?
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia- causes platelets to get destroyed by spleen decreasing platelet count
this drug is more effective and is the synthetic version, you'd give it to a pt for a more predictable response and doesnt require monitoring for blood coagulation
enoxaparin
This drug makes platelets slippery so they dont stick together, inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins that cause platlet aggression
NSAID-asprin
this drug has a slower onset of 3-5 days, can be given with another anticoag to help with therapuetic effect. used for long term treatment of venous thromboembolic disorders
warfarin
this drug breaks prevents new clots, onset is quick but short half life
heparin
nsaids are contraindicted in pts with?
ulcers
active bleeding
pregnancy
children under 16
In Coagulation cascade, where does intrinsic factors occur and extrinsic?
intrinsic is in the vascular sytem
extrinsic is in the tissue
*(EX made me need the tissues)
*(im IN the vase)
this type of drug prevents arterial thrombus, and prevents blood clots from sticking together
antiplatelets-platlet plug
What are the two ways to clot and explain how its caused by?
Arterial thrombus- caused by damage to the arteries which activates platlets
Venous thrombus- due to slow blood flow causing clotting factors to pool and activate coagulation cascade
when do you hold warfarin(what lab indication)
if INR is greater than 3
what is the main risk when using alteplase?
bleeding out, minimize risk by selecting pts carefully for this med
this drug is contracindicated in children under 16 for reyes syndrome
Nsaid aspirin
You give this drug to a pt who is wanting to break down an unwanted clot, restablished blood flow to prevent damage, treats MI, PE, CVA
alteplase
What is the BBW for ADP receptor antagonist
this is your clopidagrel
*bbw for genetic variation of cyp2C19 function, poor metabolizers
what do you use to reverse lifethreating blood clot/hemmorage
PCC-prothrombin complex concentrate
this suggest Salicylate toxicity and GI bleeds
asprin can cause gi ulceration, bleeding and tinititus
This drug stops platlets from activating and is used as a prophylaxis for reduction of Stroke, Mi an vascular death from necrosis
a newer drug, blocks factor 10 in both pathways and is treatment for venous thromboembolism
rivaroxaban
If a blood clot has formed which type of drug will you reach for?
thrombolytic
what labs do you monitor for heparin and warfarin?
heparin is the PTT
warfarin is the INR and PT
your pt taking warfarin has an INR of 5.4 and reports bleeding gums and blood in urine. what is nursing priority
adminster vita k, PCC may be given is Lifethreatning
which drug type prevents and slows down clotting by interferring with the process of blood clotting AND treats venous thrombus?
anticoagulants- CC