Antibiotics
What does Vancomycin do?
Blocks traspeptidation
Group A strep, strep pyogenes
Staph aureus
Breaks down connective tissue
What nosocomial pathogen is catalase positive? This pathogen causes illnesses like pneumonia, colonizes in broken barriers, and burn wounds of patients.
pseudomonas aeruginosa
What does Mtb have in addition to peptidoglycan that makes it special?
Mycolic acid
This toxin blocks acetylcholine
Botulism toxin
What are the 2 antibiotics for folic acid synthesis?
Sulfanomides and trimethoprim
What bacteria is associated with neonatal meningitis? Is it catalase positive or negative?
Group B strep, strep agalactiae
Catalase negative
What nosocomial agent is associated with the military and can cause pneumonia and can be present in wound infections?
Acinetobacter baumannii
What are the 2 antibiotics against Mtb and what do they do?
Isoniazid = blocks mycolic acid synthesis
Rifampin (or Rifapentine is fine) = blocks DNA dependent RNA polymerase
What clostridial organism is the common cause of food poisoning in the USA?
C.perfringens
Ciprofloxacin and quinolones do what?
stop DNA gyrase in nucleic acid synthesis
A patient is diagnosed with Otitis media, what staph or strep organism are they most likely infected by?
Strep pneumo
What two bacteria have mucoid capsules, among the nosocomial infectious bacteria?
Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What is a granuloma made of?
B cells, T cells, Macrophages, Mtb
What is the exotoxin causes spastic muscular contraction by interfering with the mechanism for muscle relaxation?
Diphtheria toxin
What are the antibiotics against Mtb?
Isoniazid, Rifampin, Rifapentine
What staph or strep is alpha hemolytic, sensitive to optochin, and can cause pneumonia, otitis media, meningitis, and bacterimia (bacteria in the blood)
strep pneumo
What bacteria can be identified with BCYE charcoal agar, is intracellular, and can be found in air conditioning systems?
Legionella
What are 2 tests that can be used to detect Mtb?
PPD and IFN gamma release assay
This anaerobe is the most frequently isolated organism from intra abdominal infections. It is resistant to penicillin and may be resistant to antibiotics which has activity against many other anaerobes.
Bacteriodes fragilis
What antibiotic prevents transpeptidation of D-ala-D-ala?
Aprox. 12 hours after premature delivery, a baby girl is noted unresponsive and cyanotic. Blood and CSF are collected for culture. The baby is given antibiotics. The prelim lab report shows gram positive cocci present. What most likely caused this infection?
a. Staph aureus
b. Strep agalactiae
c. Strep pneumo
Strep agalactiae
An organism isolated from the surface of burned skin is found to produce a diffusible green pigment. What organism is it?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Reactivation of Mtb occurs in the upper or lower airways mostly?
Upper airways
A patient develops fever and a vaginal discharge 3 days after a vaginal hysterectomy. She is likely infected with what?
Bacteroides fragilis