General
When taking an anticoagulant, this is the #1 risk
What is bleeding?
what are signs or symptoms of bleeding
hematuria, hematemesis, epistaxis, melena, ecchymosis, petechia, thrombocytopenia, increased menstrual, vision changes, dizziness, n/v, bleeding gums, tachycardia, tachypnea,
What lab should you monitor for a patient taking coumadin
PT/INR
coumadin is typically given at this time
the same time each day, often in the evening (1700)
what food should you instruct the patient to avoid when taking coumadin
foods high in vit K:(green leafy) ie: brussel sprouts, kale, spinach, brocolli, asparagus, cabbage, collard/turnip greens
the function of an anticoagulant is
this antiplatelet can cause tinnitus
ASA (aspirin)
What 2 labs should you monitor for a patient taking heparin
APTT, platelets
Heparin dosing is based off the patient's?
weight
this medication should not be crushed
enteric coated aspirin
classified as a low molecular weight heparin
what is enoxaparin (lovenox)
what type of patients are commonly given medications to prevent blood clots?
those on bed rest, after surgery, with arrhythmia, dialysis patient
2.0-3.0
What is the therapeutic range for coumadin?
What class is Plavix (clopidogrel)
antiplatelet
This herbal medicine can interact with anticoagulants
what is st john's wort, ginko biloba, garlic, ginger, or ginseng
the nurse will wait this long before withdrawing the needle when giving anticoagulants
15 seconds to decrease bruising
What can abdominal pain indicate if taking anticoagulant medication
GI bleeding
1.5-2.5 seconds
therapeutic range for aPTT
What is administered to counteract heparin
Protamine Sulfate
what food should patients avoid when taking clopidogrel and ticagrelor?
Grapefruit
what is the action of antiplatelets
it inhibits platelets from clumping
This medicine can cause muscle pain if taken with Brilinta (ticagrelor)
Atorvastatin
what is the normal range for aPTT
30-40 seconds
what is the antidote to coumadin
vit K
what can a patient do to prevent bleeding when on an anticoagulant or anti platelet medication
use a soft toothbrush, avoid regular razors, watch for bruising, hold pressure longer for IV removal or other bleeding