Talkin' About the Generations
Which antibiotic is a 4th generation cephalosporin?
Cefepime
Toxigenic strains of this bacteria lead to a type of infectious diarrhea; it is also associated with prior antibiotic use.
What is Clostridiodes (or Clostridium) difficile?
This drug or drug class carries warnings for tendon inflammation or rupture.
What is a quinolone? (specific answers of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin accepted)
This "advanced" or 5th generation cephalosporin is notable for its activity versus MRSA.
What is ceftaroline?
This is one of two ribosomal drugs that can be used to decrease toxin production associated with necrotizing S. pyogenes or clostridial infections.
What is linezolid or clindamycin?
This antibiotic may cause hypertension, tachycardia, hyperthermia, and muscle rigidity when used in combination with SSRI/SNRI/MAO-inhibitors.
What is linezolid?
This is a term for more recent quinolones that have enhanced activity versus S. pneumoniae.
What are "respiratory quinolones" or "respiratory fluoroquinolones?"
While not a "toxin effect" this infusion-related reaction associated with vancomycin can generally be managed by slowing the infusion rate.
What is flushing syndrome? (various other terms accepted)
This drug carries risks of photosensitivity, esophageal irritation, and tooth discoloration.
What is doxycycline or tetracycline?
Advancing first- to third- generations of cephalosporins means generally gaining coverage against this category of bacteria.
What are gram negative bacteria?
The toxin produced by this bacterium is used therapeutically for chronic migranes, spasticity, and cosmetically for wrinkle reduction.
What is Clostridium botulinum?
This class of antifungals is considered teratogenic during pregnancy, owing to its inhibition of ergosterol (and steroid) synthesis.
What are azoles?
While S. aureus was susceptible to natural penicillin in the 1940s, the rise of penicillinase in S. aureus led to the development of this drug class in the 1950s.
What are the antistaphylococcal penicillins?
Toxic side effects of this mainstay of cytomegalovirus therapy include nephrotoxicity and neutropenia.
What is ganciclovir or valganciclovir?
This antibiotic has activity against anaerobic bacteria and certain protozoa, and may cause peripheral neuropathy with prolonged use.
What is metronidazole?