Class
what do antidiabetic agents do?
lower blood sugar
what is insulin
a hormone produced by the pancrease to metabolize glucose
What should be checked prior to giving insulin
blood sugar/accu check
what are s/s of hypoglycemia
nervousness, hunger, malaise, cold/clammy skin, lethargy, pallor, diaphoresis, change in LOC, shallow respirations
what is a normal glucose level
70-99
carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet) is an example of
Antiparkinsonian medication - used for Parkinson's disease
This is considered to be a Dopamine Agonist
carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet), ropinirole (Requip)
prior to administering insulin, how should the nurse verify the dosage
with 2 nurses
should antiparkinson drugs be taken with or without food?
with food or immediately after the meal to prevent gastric irritation
Name an example of an antiarrhythmic drug
amiodarone, sotalol, adenosine
how do anticholinergic agents work?
restores balance of neurotransmitters to reduce rigidity and tremors
Parkinson's disease is due to a lack of what in the brain
dopamine
what should be monitored when giving anti-arrhythmic drugs
HR and B/P, ECG
what are side effects of dopamine agonists
orthostatic hypotension, N/V, dyskinesia, darkening of urine and sweat
*educate patient to get up slowly and follow fall precautions
what are the 3 Ps of poorly controlled diabetes
Polyuria, Polydipsia, and Polyphagia
This class of medication can restore sinus rhythm
antiarrhythmic
A fast acting insulin given before or with meals is
lispro (Humalog), aspart (Novolog)
Name an intermediate acting insulin
NPH
this food allergy can increase the antiarrhythmic medication amiodarone
grapefruit
what type of medicine cannot be mixed
Lantus (long acting)
metformin (Glucophage) is in what class
oral anti-diabetic medication
this long acting insulin can cover insulin needs for the whole day
glargine (Lantus)
how should insulin be mixed?
draw up clear first (example regular insulin) then cloudy (NPH)
how should patients take antiarrhytmic drugs?
on an empty stomach, not with antacids, do not stop taking abruptly
how can the nurse prevent lipodystrophy and other adverse effects at the injection site?
rotate sites when giving