BODY AND THE BRAIN
Because of the changes in the brain, after an individual has "come down," they will need more of the drug next time they want to get high. This response is commonly referred to as ____.
What is tolerance
Every person responds to drugs and medications differently. Say you take a medication and it works well. But the same pill does nothing for one friend and makes another feel sick. Differences like these are often caused by differences in ______.
What are genes
In 2019, ____ percent of people ages 18 and older reported that they engaged in binge drinking in the past month.
What is 26%
____ a pattern of drinking alcohol that brings blood alcohol concentration (BAC) to 0.08 percent or higher. For a typical adult, this pattern corresponds to consuming 5 or more drinks (male), or 4 or more drinks (female), in about 2 hours.
What is Binge drinking
Alcohol-related _____ are gaps in a person’s memory for events that occurred while they were intoxicated.
What are blackouts
Over time, brain regions responsible for judgment, decision-making, learning, and memory begin to change, making certain behaviors “hard-wired physically.” Once these changes occur, ______ behavior becomes driven by habit, almost reflex.
What is Drug-Seeking
______ is a medical condition characterized by an impaired ability to stop or control alcohol use despite adverse social, occupational, or health consequences.
What is Alcohol use disorder (AUD)
High-intensity drinking is defined as consuming alcohol at levels that are 2 or more times the gender-specific binge drinking thresholds. Compared with people who did not binge drink, people who drank alcohol at 2x the gender-specific binge drinking thresholds were ____ times more likely to have an alcohol-related emergency department (ED) visit.
What is 70
When there is so much alcohol in the bloodstream that areas of the brain controlling basic life-support functions—such as breathing, heart rate, and temperature control—begin to shut down.
What is alcohol overdose
There are two types of blackouts; they are defined by the severity of the memory impairment. The most common type is called a “fragmentary blackout” and is characterized by spotty memories of events, separated by missing periods of time in between. This type is sometimes referred to as a ______.
What is brownout
Alcohol interferes with the ____ communication pathways these disruptions can change mood and behavior, and make it harder to think clearly and move with coordination.
What is Brain's
Like most other diseases, substance use disorder is a complex trait. It’s influenced by variations in multiple genes, plus ______ factors.
What is environmental
According to the 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, nearly ___ million people ages 12 and older (5.3 percent of this age group) had AUD.
What is 15
In the United States, one "standard" drink contains roughly 14 grams of pure alcohol, which is found in:
___ ounces of regular beer, which is usually about 5% alcohol.
What is 12
Complete ____, often spanning hours, is known as an “en bloc” blackout. With this severe form of a blackout, memories of events do not form and typically cannot be recovered. It is as if the events simply never occurred.
What is amnesia
Drinking a lot over a long time or too much on a single occasion can damage the _____, causing problems including:
What is Heart
A wide range of psychiatric conditions—including ____, ______, and _______ are comorbid with AUD and are associated with an increased risk.
What is depression, PTSD, ADHD
____ Laws assist eyewitnesses or bystanders in seeking help if they witness an overdose, as these people know that they can safely call for help to ensure a rapid emergency response.
What is Good Samaritan
In the United States, one "standard" drink contains roughly 14 grams of pure alcohol, which is found in:
___ ounces of wine, which is typically about 12% alcohol.
What is 5
Research indicates that blackouts are more likely to occur when alcohol enters the bloodstream quickly, causing the BAC to rise rapidly. This could happen if someone drinks on an ____ or consumes large amounts of alcohol in a short amount of time.
What is empty stomach
______ bind to receptors in the area of the brain that controls breathing, blocking the signals that tell the body to inhale and exhale. If the dose is too high, breathing stops altogether, quickly leading to death.
What is Opioids
A recent national survey found that among people ages 26 and older, those who began drinking before age ___ were more than 5 times as likely to report having AUD in the past year as those who waited until age 21 or later to begin drinking.
What is 15
Overdoses can be reversed with ____, either administered by bystanders or by first responders. However, a higher dose or multiple doses per overdose event may be required to revive a patient due to the high potency of drugs.
What is naloxone
In the United States, one "standard" drink contains roughly 14 grams of pure alcohol, which is found in:
___ ounces of distilled spirits, which is about 40% alcohol.
What is 1.5
Alcohol-related blackouts happen when a person drinks enough alcohol to temporarily block the transfer of memories from ____ to ____ storage—known as memory consolidation.
What are short-term, long-term