Pathophysiology
Signs and Symptoms
Causes and Diagnosis
Treatment/ Management
Nursing Care/ Nursing Diagnosis
100
The prevalence of AA mostly occur to who?
What are males between 40-60 years old.
100
What are the 3 signs and symptoms of aortic dissection?
What are brassy cough, hoarseness, and dysphagia
100
To be considered an AAA, the size of the aneurysm must exceed what size in diameter?
What is 3 cm
100
What classification of medication is used to help medically manage type B dissections?
What is Beta blockers
100
When is nursing care most important in regards to an Aneurysm? A) A client with an aneurysm that is being monitored, B) After surgery, C) A patient who is going to undergo surgery.
What is C) A patient who is going to undergo surgery.
200
Which of the following terms refers to soft deposits of intra-arterial fat and fibrin in the vessel walls that hardens over time?
What is atherosclerosis
200
What distinguishes a DeBakey type I dissection from a DeBakey type II dissection?
What is type I dissection extends distal into the aortic arch.
200
Name three tests that are used to diagnose aortic dissections.
What is Aortic angiography, transesophageal echocardiography, CT Scan, and MRI studies
200
Medical therapy is recommended for what type of aortic dissections?
What is type B dissections
200
A key component to nursing care during the occurrence of an Aortic dissection is. A) Careful monitoring and rapid identification, B) monitoring heart rate, C)Monitoring blood pressure.
What is A) Careful monitoring and rapid identification
300
What are the two main section of the aorta?
What is thoracic and abdominal aorta
300
A patient arrives at the emergency department complain of sudden onset of severe and persistent “tearing” or “ripping” in the anterior chest or back that extends to the shoulders, epigastric area, and abdomen. The above symptoms are consistent with what finding?
What is aortic dissection
300
What is the most important part of diagnosing an aortic dissection?
What is an assessment of risk facors
300
What are two advantages of a patient who gets an endovascular stent graphed for AAA management?
What is No long abdominal incisions, faster recovery time, and shorter length of stay
300
The three components of pre-surgery education in aneurysm patients are?
What are blood pressure control, medication compliance, and smoking cessation
400
Thoracic aorta has three parts (intima, media, and adventitia). When the wall is damage and weaken, may cause it to bulge outward, like a balloon. Which of the following is responsible for preventing BP to rupturing the wall?
What is the media or inner layer
400
An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is usually asymptomatic. How may be discovered?
What is abdominal imaging or abdominal physical exam. Visual inspection may reveal a pulsatile abdominal mass near umbilicus. Auscultation of this mass reveals bruits.
400
Once an aortic aneurysm is diagnosed, it is followed by serial diagnostic tests to evaluate what?
What is growth and impedance of surrounding organs
400
Patients with infrarenal AAAs measuring this size or larger should undergo repair to eliminate the risk of rupture?
What is 5.5 cm
400
List four possible nursing diagnosis for a patient who has an aortic aneurysm or dissection.
What is Cardiac output, Decreased; Tissue Perfusion, Ineffective related to surgical procedure; Risk for deficient volume; Gas exchange, ineffective related to anesthesia, possible fluid overload, and blood transfusions; Readiness for enhanced comfort; Infection, Risk for; Deficient knowledge of post operative care
500
What is the most common site of the tear in a patient with aortic dissection?
What is the ascending aorta
500
A client complaints of a sudden painful, pulsating mass in the midline of her abdomen. Upon further assessment, the presence of bruit is confirmed. Those symptoms are consistent with what findings?
What is an abdominal aortic aneurysm
500
What does the diagnosis of an aortic dissection begin with?
What is taking the patients history and doing a physical examination
500
With an AAA, why is an abdominal ultrasound performed every 6 months?
What is to assess the amount of aneurysmal growth
500
Three NIC's for the nursing diagnosis Cardiac output, Decreased.
What is Hemorrhage Control: Reduction or elimination of rapid and excessive blood loss; IV therapy: Administration and monitoring of IV fluids and medications; Vital Signs Monitoring: Collection and analysis of cardiovascular, respiratory, and body temperature data to determine and prevent complications
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