Basics
What are the 3 functions of the nervous system?
Sensory input, integration, motor output
What is the main job of neuroglia?
Support, protect, and insulate neurons
What is the functional unit of the nervous system?
Neuron
What is resting membrane potential?
The neuron is polarized (inside more negative than outside)
What does CNS stand for?
Central Nervous System
What does afferent mean?
Toward the CNS
Which CNS glial cell is most abundant?
Astrocytes
What part of a neuron receives incoming signals?
Dendrites
What happens during depolarization?
Sodium (Na+) enters the cell
What are the two parts of the CNS?
Brain and spinal cord
What does efferent mean?
Away from the CNS
Which CNS cells form myelin?
Oligodendrocytes
What part sends signals away from the cell body?
Axon
What happens during repolarization?
Potassium (K+) leaves the cell
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
Fight or flight response
Somatic nervous system controls what?
Voluntary skeletal muscle movement
Which PNS cells form myelin?
Schwann cells
What is a bundle of axons in the CNS called?
Tract
What is hyperpolarization?
The cell becomes more negative than resting state
What is the parasympathetic nervous system?
BONUS: What system is this a part of? (two parts)
Rest and digest response
BONUS: PNS > autonomic system
Autonomic nervous system controls what?
Involuntary functions (organs and glands)
What CNS glial cells act as immune cells?
Microglia
What is a bundle of axons in the PNS called?
Nerve
What is a graded potential?
A short-distance, variable strength signal
What type of receptor detects heat?
Thermoreceptors