Unit 1
a Brazilian religion that originated from African slaves. It appears very different from Western Christianity. · While slaves synchronized their deities with Catholic saints to continue their worship, they did not merge their beliefs.
Candomble
Spirituals
Indigenous group in Florida that provided refuge to African American freedom seekers (maroons), forming a unique alliance during the Second Seminole War
Seminoles
Celebration marking the announcement of emancipation in Texas; symbolizes ongoing struggles for freedom (1865)
Juneteenth
City in Mali Kingdom. Became a center of learning throughout the world under Mansa Musa.
Timbuktu
The largest slave rebellion in U.S. history, demonstrating resistance and Diaspora connections- inspired by the Haitian Revolution
Louisiana Slave Revolt (1811)
What was the Great Dismal Swamp
Large area of marshland in Virginia and North Carolina where many escaped enslaved people, known as maroons, found refuge and formed independent communities
Constitutional Amendment abolishing slavery in the U.S. (1865)
13th Amendment
Empire south of Egypt from 3000 BCE. Conflict with Egypt over gold and other resources. Briefly ruled Egypt as 25th dynasty in 750 BCE (the ‘Black Pharaohs’)
Nubia
Formerly enslaved African whose narrative is a foundational account of the horrors of the slave trade and life in bondage
Olaudah Equiano
Martial art that combines dance, music, and acrobatics, developed by enslaved Africans in Brazil as a form of cultural resistance and self-defense against their oppressors
Capoeira
Conflict that led to the abolition of slavery and expanded Black participation in the fight for freedom (1861 – 65)
The Civil War
Queen of Ndongo & Matamba (early 1600s CE). Engaged in warfare against the Portuguese while also participating in the slave trade. Led to 100 years of female rule.
Queen Njinga
This rebellion led to stricter slave codes as slaves attempted to escape to St. Augustine
Stono Rebellion
Initiative that sought to encourage African Americans to relocate to Africa or other parts of the world to escape racism and seek better opportunities
Emigration
What were the NYC Draft Riots
Sparked by resentment that white wealthy men can pay 300 exemption for the civil war. Poor wealthy white men, attacked Black communities out of fear of job competition
Atlantic creoles, who worked as intermediaries before the predominance of chattel slavery. Their familiarity with multiple languages, cultural norms, and commercial practices granted them a measure of social mobility.
Ladinos
A labor structure on plantations where enslaved people worked continuously in groups under strict surveillance
Gang System
African American feminist and abolitionist, one of the first women to speak publicly against slavery and racial injustice, advocating for the rights and education of Black women
Maria Stewart
Author of Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (1860); her narrative exposed gendered violence and resistance among enslaved women
Harriet Jacobs