People to Know!
Slavery in the Americas
Resistance and Revolts
Culture, Identity, and Community
It's the Law!
100
This African-born conquistador traveled to the Americas with Spanish explorers and is recognized as the first recorded African to arrive in North America.
Who is Juan Garrido?
100
Owning of human beings as property able to be bought, sold, given, and inherited, is known as.....
What is chattel slavery?
100
Name one common form of everyday (covert) resistance used by enslaved people.
What is working slowly or deliberately, feigning illness, sabotaging tools or equipment, misplacing items, learning to read and write in secret, or sustaining and creating culture?
100
This is where maroon communities were located
What are remote areas such as mountains, swamps, or dense forests in places like the Caribbean, South America, and the Southeastern United States
100
This Supreme Court decision declared that African Americans, both enslaved and free, could never be U.S. citizens. Chief Justice Taney further ruled that enslaved people were property under the Fifth Amendment, making any law depriving slave owners of their property unconstitutional.
What is Dred Scott v. Sandford?
200
This woman, born in Hartford CT, was one of the first in the United States to give public speeches advocating for the rights of freed Black women to advance in society.
Who is Maria Stewart?
200
This internal slave trade saw the forced relocation of enslaved people from the Upper South to newly established cotton plantations in the Deep South, transforming the economies of both regions.
What is the Second Middle Passage? or the Domestic Slave Trade
200
Spirituals often contained hidden messages or themes meant to communicate resistance or a desire for freedom. Name a common theme or coded message found in many spirituals.
What is "Drinking Gourd" (the Big Dipper, which pointed toward the North), "Pharaoh" (symbolizing the oppressive system), "Chariot" (symbolizing deliverance or freedom), or "Deliverance" (the hope of freedom or the Promised Land - northern states, Canada, etc.)?
200
Latinized Black people who were born or raised in Spain, Portugal or these nations' Atlantic or American colonies and who spoke fluent Spanish or Portuguese
Who are Ladinos?
200
Slave codes were laws designed to control the lives of enslaved people and limit their freedoms. Name one common restriction imposed by these codes.
What is:
- prohibition on learning to read and write
- restrictions on movement without a pass
-bans on gathering in groups
- curfews
-prohibitions on owning weapons
-a requirement for permission to marry
- severe punishments for attempting escape
- restrictions on practicing certain religions
300
Who said it?
" The same may be said of the history of Haiti as a free state. Her liberty was born in blood, cradled in misfortune and has lived more or less in a storm of revolutionary turbulence. It is important to know how she behaved in these storms. As I view it, there is one great fundamental and soul-cheering fact concerning her. It is this: Despite all the trying vicissitudes of her history, despite all the machinations of her enemies at home, despite all temptations from abroad, despite all her many destructive revolutions, she has remained true to herself, true to her autonomy, and remains a free and independent state. "
Who is Frederick Douglass?
300
…Let me give you a word of the philosophy of reform. The whole history of the progress of human liberty shows that all concessions have been born of earnest struggle…If there is no struggle there is no progress. Those who profess to favor freedom and yet deprecate agitation, are men who want crops without plowing up the ground, they want rain without thunder and lightning. They want the ocean without the awful roar of its many waters.
This struggle may be a moral one, or it may be a physical one, and it may be both moral and physical, but it must be a struggle. Power concedes nothing without a demand. It never did and it never will…In the light of these ideas, Negroes will be hunted at the North, and held and flogged at the South so long as they submit to those devilish outrages, and make no resistance, either moral or physical…
Source: “West India Emancipation” by Frederick Douglass, 1857
Those who agreed with Frederick Douglass’ argument in the text were called…
What is an anti-emigrationist?
300
What is Fort Mose?
300
The message of this piece.
What is to represent the various African communities that would have traveled in a slave ship?
300
"that which is born follows the womb" - Name & Meaning
What is Partus Sequitur Ventrem? Children would inherit the status of the mother
400
Jacob Lawrence created this series about the Haitian Revolution entitled The Life of ____________
Who is Toussaint L'Ouverture?
400
Who wrote it? In response to what event?
" Dear Sir
The course of things in the neighboring islands of the West Indies appears to have given a considerable impulse to the minds of the slaves in different parts of the US. a great disposition to insurgency has manifested itself among them, which, in one instance, in the state of Virginia broke out into actual insurrection. this was easily suppressed: but many of those concerned, (between 20. & 30. I believe) fell victims to the law. so extensive an execution could not but excite sensibility in the public mind, and beget a regret that the laws had not provided, for such cases, some alternative, combining more mildness with equal efficacy. the legislature of the state, at a subsequent meeting, took the subject into consideration, and have communicated to me through the Governor of the state, their wish that some place could be provided, out of the limits of the US. to which slaves guilty of insurgency might be transported; and they have particularly looked to Africa as offering the most desirable receptacle. "
Who is Thomas Jefferson? What is after the Haitian Revolution?
400
National meetings called annually through 1835 and occasionally thereafter, black leaders built networks. They discussed and debated the state of their communities and what they could do to improve them. They framed resolutions and undertook projects that sought to elevate the status of free blacks and to promote abolitionism.
What is the Black convention movement or Colored Conventions?
400
What are two examples of African American and Indigenous relations?
Some indigenous groups enslaved Africans, some groups like the Seminoles treated the maroons around them like kin, some indigenous nations adopted slave codes and created slave patrols
400
This code was enacted by Louis XIV and controlled the lives of enslaved people in Lousiana.
What is the Code Noir?
500
Who is Gopher John?
500
Name a reason people criticized this organization.
What is the American Colonization Society was created by white people to send free Black people back to Africa - did not want a large free Black population, took focus from abolitionism, effects of colonization on the indigenous groups, etc.
500
Name one Black woman who played a significant role in anti-slavery or Black freedom efforts and describe her contributions to the movement. (Can't be Harriet Tubman)
Maria Stewart
Harriet Jacobs
Sojourner Truth
Frances Ellen Watkins Harper
Mary Ann Shadd
500
What is the historical context and the purpose of this poster?
Historical Context: After the Emancipation Proclamation was enacted on January 1, 1863, Black leaders including Frederick Douglass swiftly moved to recruit African Americans as soldiers
Purpose: To urge free African Americans to enlist highlighting the fight for freedom and equality and the importance of African Americans defending their own liberation.
500
The 13th Amendment, ratified in 1865, abolished slavery in the United States with one major exception
What is the exception allowing involuntary servitude as a punishment for crime, which led to practices like convict leasing and disproportionately affected African Americans?