I Know The Law
This amendment abolished slavery except as punishment for a crime
13th amendment
Goverment program that provided food, clothing, medical care, and education.
Freedman's Bureau
The first woman millionaire in America
Madam C.J. Walker (Sarah Breedlove)
This concept describes the internal conflict African Americans experienced navigating Black identity in a white-dominated society.
Double Consciousness
This song is known as the African American National Anthem
"Lift Every Voice and Sing"
This amendment, ratified in 1870, prohibited voting restrictions based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude
15th Amendment
Founded in 1909, it used legal challenges to combat segregation and protect Black voting rights.
NAACP
Created an exhibit in Paris showcasing the pride and dignity of African Americans for 50 million visitors.
W.E.B Du Bois
W.E.B Du Bois famously declared that “the problem of the twentieth century is the problem of the _________.” A barrier that divided of black society and white society into two different and unequal worlds.
Color Line
After emancipation, many African Americans searched for relatives by _________.
Using Black newspapers and churches
Granted citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the U.S. (including formerly enslaved people) and guaranteeing all citizens "equal protection of the laws" and "due process" from state governments
14th amendment
Nearly ___________ Blacks served in public office during Reconstruction.
What is 2000?
Was head of the Tuskegee Institute in 1881
Booker T. Washington
A book of essay's written by W. E. B. DuBois to challenge Booker T. Washington's views on race relations in US.
The Souls of Black Folks
This ended Reconstruction
Compromise of 1877
These laws were passed by Southern states immediately after the Civil War to control Black labor and behavior.
Black Codes
Marcus Garvey, an Afro-Caribbean migrant, founded this group in 1914 to promote Black economic independence and Pan-Africanism.
Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA)
Fought for equality of women and African Americans, began anti-lynching campaign, and became one of first African Americans to run for public office
Ida B. Wells
The period African American Studies scholars refer to as the worst point of race relations in America
Nadir
A credit system that tied farmers to merchants through debt
Crop Lien System
This 1896 Supreme Court case upheld “separate but equal.”
Plessy v. Ferguson
Founded in 1896, this organization united Black women across the United States to promote education, fight racial discrimination, and improve social conditions in African American communities.
National Association of Colored Women (NACW)
The author of the poem “We Wear the Mask,” which represents the false emotions a person might “wear” in front of other people
Paul Lawrence Dunbar
This ideology was strengthened by Afro-Caribbean migrants, such as Marcus Garvey, who emphasized global Black unity, shared African heritage, and collective liberation.
Pan-Africanism
This HBCU was established in (Ohio, 1856), founded by AME church leaders, and was the first university fully owned and operated by African Americans.
Wilberforce University
During segregation, this act required states to provide land-grant institutions for Black students (HBCUs).
Second Morrill Act of 1890
Founded in 1816 as the first Black Christian denomination in the United States, this organization provided education, political organizing, and community leadership outside of white control
African Methodist Episcopal Church
Singers from Tennessee introduced the spirituals to the northern states and to Europe
Fisk Jubilee Singers
African Americans can see and understand white society, not fully understood in return
The Veil
First Black-owned Bank in US
Citizens Savings Bank