Italian Ren
This event wiped out 40 percent of Europe’s population in the middle of the fourteenth century.
Black Death
This was first invented in the workshop of Johann Gutenberg in Germany. Allowed for massed production of the bible.
movable-type printing
This is the illusion created on a flat surface in which figures and objects appear to recede or project sharply into space.
Foreshortening
This is a system for representing three-dimensional space on a two-dimensional surface.
Perspective
This is a panel that is painted or sculpted representing a religious subject that is placed above and behind an altar in a church.
Altarpiece
The members of this fifteenth-century Florentine family were powerful and influential patrons of the arts.
Medici Family
Through Grünewald’s graphic realism, this image on the Isenheim Altarpiece emphasized human emotion and suffering.
The Crucifixion
Literally translated as “light-dark”, this is the use of light and dark to produce three-dimensional modeling.
Chiaroscuro
This is any line running back into the represented space of a picture perpendicular to the imagined picture plane.
Orthogonal
This scene is Christ's descent from the cross.
Deposition
According to Humanists, the essential qualification for a writer was an appreciation of authors of these two cultures.
Greece and Rome
This artist's work in graphic arts led to his fame and fortune.
Albrecht Dürer
This Italian term means “smoky”, soft, and mellow. In painting, it is the effect of haze in an image.
Sfumato
This is identifying and studying the subject matter and conventional symbols in works of art.
Iconography
This was a movement that began with criticism of the Pope and the Church and resulted in the development a new branch of Christianity.
Protestant Reformation
Ghiberti’s doors for the east side of the Baptistery in Florence were so admired that they came to be known as this.
Gates of Paradise
The Polyptych format of Hieronymus Bosch’s Garden of Earthly Delights conforms to this long tradition.
Church Altarpieces
This is a style of monochromatic painting in shades of gray.
Grisaille
This is interpreting works of art as embodiments of cultural situation by replacing them within broad social, political, religious, and intellectual contexts.
Iconology
This was the response of the Roman church wherein beliefs were clarified, reaffirmed, and justified.
Counter Reformation
Raphael’s well-known fresco, The School of Athens, summarizes the ideals envisioned by these religious people.
the Renaissance popes
Hans Holbein is best known for these type of paintings.
Portraits of nobles and diplomats in the Tudor court.
This is a technique where very thin bounded gold leaf is applied with glue to a surface. It emphasizes the spiritual and heavenly subject matter of religious works.
Gilding
This is used to create a trick of the eye.
Trompe L'oeil
This is a devotional subject in Christian art. After the Crucifixion, the body of Jesus is laid across the lap of his grieving mother, Mary.
Pietá