Overview of Cellular Respiration
The three main stages of cellular respiration are glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and _______.
What is oxidative phosphorylation?
The net gain of ATP molecules produced by glycolysis.
What is 2?
The citric acid cycle is also known by this name.
What is the Krebs cycle?
This process couples electron transport to ATP synthesis via proton gradient
What is chemiosmosis?
This type of fermentation produces ethanol and carbon dioxide.
What is alcohol fermentation?
This process breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate.
What is glycolysis?
Glycolysis occurs in this part of the cell.
What is the cytosol?
The molecule that oxaloacetate combines with to enter the citric acid cycle.
What is acetyl-coA?
The enzyme responsible for producing ATP in the mitochondria.
What is ATP synthase?
This type of fermentation produces lactate.
What is lactic acid fermentation?
The final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.
What is oxygen?
The molecule that is the end product of glycolysis.
What is pyruvate?
The number of ATP molecules produced directly by ONE turn of the citric acid cycle. (1/2 glucose)
What is 1?
The gradient of these ions powers ATP synthesis.
What are hydrogen ions (protons)?
The number of ATP molecules produced per glucose molecule by fermentation.
What is 2?
ATP production that occurs in the absence of oxygen is called this.
What is anaerobic respiration?
The coenzyme that carries electrons during glycolysis.
What is NAD+?
The two coenzymes that carry electrons from the citric acid cycle to the electron transport chain.
What are NADH and FADH2?
The location of the electron transport chain in eukaryotic cells.
What is the inner mitochondrial membrane?
The process by which NAD+ is regenerated in fermentation.
What is the reduction of pyruvate or its derivatives?
The energy yield of one molecule of glucose through cellular respiration is up to _______ molecules of ATP.
What is 32-36?
Glycolysis produces a net gain of two ATP molecules through this type of phosphorylation.
What is substrate-level phosphorylation?
The total number of NADH molecules produced per glucose molecule during the citric acid cycle.
What is 6?
The maximum number of ATP molecules generated by oxidative phosphorylation from one molecule of glucose.
What is about 26-28?
Organisms example that can perform alcoholic fermentation
What are bacteria and fungi?