Cellular Respiration 1
What is the cell's most important energy currency?
ATP
it requires oxygen
Fermentation is an anaerobic process. This means...
It does not require oxygen
What type of energy does photosynthesis require to start?
light energy from the sun
Chlorophyll
Show a phosphorylation reaction and a dephosphorylation reaction using the following items:
ATP, ADP, Pi
Phosphorylation: ADP + Pi -> ATP
Dephosphorylation: ATP -> ADP + Pi
What are the main reactants of cellular respiration?
Sugar/glucose and oxygen
TRUE
What are the main products of photosynthesis?
Sugar/glucose and oxygen
What are the main reactants of photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide and water
What are the 3 main products of cellular respiration?
water and carbon dioxide and ATP
Agents that accept electrons: oxidizing agents
FAD, NAD+, NADP+
What is the difference between photosynthesis and chemosynthesis?
Photosynthesis- uses sunlight to make its own food
Chemosynthesis- uses chemicals/inorganic compounds to make its own food
What organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?
Where do the light-dependent reactions take place? Where do the light-independent reactions take place?
- chloroplast
-LDR in thylakoids
-LIR in stroma
During glycolysis, we have a net gain of 2 ATP, but we actually make 4 ATP. How is this possible?
During the first part of glycolysis, we need to use 2 ATP to get the process started. Then we make 4 ATP. Thus, 2 ATP net gain.
How much net ATP is made in each step of cellular respiration? How much is made overall?
Glycolysis- 2 ATP
Krebs Cycle- 2 ATP
ETC- 32
TOTAL- 30-42
What are the two types of fermentation we discussed?
Provide an example of an organism that does each.
lactic acid fermentation- animals like humans
alcoholic fermentation- yeast
What are the two substances required for energy to run the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis?
Show the reduced and oxidized forms of the electron carrier needed for the light-dependent reactions.
NADPH and ATP
reduced: NADPH
oxidized: NADP+
What are the 4 parts of the light-dependent reactions?
- photosystem II
-electron transport chain
-photosystem I
-ATP synthase
Describe chemiosmosis using the terms: electron transport chain, H+ ions, electrochemical concentration gradient, inner membrane, mitochondria, thylakoid, ATP synthase, ATP
Chemiosmosis is the movement of H+ ions across the inner membrane of a mitochondria OR thylakoid structure, down their electrochemical gradient due to the movement of electrons down the ETC. Then as the H+ ions cross back through ATP Synthase, ATP is formed.
ALL OR NOTHING. What are the 3 parts of cellular respiration? Where does each take place?
Glycolysis- cytoplasm
Krebs cycle- mitochondrial matrix
ETC- inner membrane of mitochondria
1) What are the electron carriers critical in fermentation?
2) In what case do we as humans use lactic acid fermentation?
3) In what case do we as humans use cellular respiration (aerobic respiration)?
2) activity lasting shorter than 90 seconds
3) activity lasting longer than 90 seconds
What is another name for light-independent reactions?
The Calvin Cycle
Which reactants are used and what products are made during the LDR? the LIR?
LDR reactants: water (sunlight)
LDR products: oxygen
LIR reactants: carbon dioxide
LIR products: sugar/glucose