Unit 1&2
Which macromolecule is most closely related to the immune system & can function as an antibody?
A- Proteins
B- Lipids
C- Carbohydrates
D- Nucleic Acids
A- Proteins
Which of the following describes inorganic non-protein molecules that assist enzyme function?
A) Coenzyme
B) Cofactor
B) Cofactor
Which of the following shows an INCORRECT pairing of an enzyme with its function in DNA replication?
a) Helicase = breaks hydrigen bonds to open up double strand
b) DNA polymerase III = adds nucleotides to template strand
c) RNA primase = removes RNA primers from template strand
d) Ligase = binds backbone of DNA, sealing Okazaki fragments
c) RNA primase = removes RNA primers from template strand
Which type of natural selection describes selection against the mean, where both phenotypic extremes have the highest relative fitness?
a) Stabilizing Selection
b) Directional Selection
c) Disruptive Selection
c) Disruptive Selection
Which macromolecule contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, but NOT phosphorus?
a) Carbohydrate
b) Lipid
c) Protein
d) Nucleic Acid
c) Protein
Which of the following components of the cell membrane is responsible for cell identification and communication?
a) glycoproteins
b) transmembrane / integral proteins
c) cholesterol
d) peripheral proteins
a) glycoproteins
Which enzyme dephosphorylates molecules inside the cell, turning a signal transduction pathway off?
A) Protein Kinase
B) Protein Phosphatase
C) Cyclic AMP
D) Cyclin-dependent Kinase
B) Protein Phosphatase
A Chi Square analysis suggests there is a statistically significant difference between the actual and expected values when ___.
a) Χ2 > critical value
b) Χ2 < critical value
c) Χ2 = critical value
a) Χ2 > critical value
Which of the following is NOT an example of a prezygotic barrier?
a) Different courtship rituals
b) Different breeding seasons
c) Sterile offspring
d) Mismatch in reproductive organs
c) Sterile offspring
In ecology, understanding HOW a behavior occurs, as opposed to why, is an example of which of the following?
a) Behavioral Cause
b) Proximate Cause
c) Ultimate Cause
d) Explanatory Cause
b) Proximate Cause
Which of the following molecules would have the easiest time crossing the cell membrane directly?
a) water
b) small, polar molecules
c) large, nonpolar molecules
d) small, nonpolar molecules
d) small, nonpolar molecules
Which of the following is NOT produced in the Krebs cycle?
A) ATP
B) NADH
C) CO2
D) Acetyl CoA
E) FADH2
D) Acetyl CoA
Which law claims the two alleles for the same trait separate during gamete formation and end up in different gametes?
a) Law of Segregation
b) Law of Independent Assortment
c) Law of Complete Dominance
d) Law of Nondisjunction
a) Law of Segregation
______ describes similar adaptations that have evolved in distantly related organisms due to similar environments, such as bird wings, bat wings, and butterfly wings.
a) Divergent Evolution
b) Vestigial Evolution
c) Convergent Evolution
d) Homologous Evolution
c) Convergent Evolution
What does a recombination frequency of 50% indicate?
a) Genes are close together on the same chromosome
b) Genes are far apart or on different chromosomes
c) Genes are unlikely to recombine during crossing over.
d) There is a 50% chance that the genes are linked.
b) Genes are far apart or on different chromosomes
Which of the following functional groups will you always find in an amino acid?
A) OH
B) NH2
C) C=O
D) CH3
B) NH2
A G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) is an example of which of the following?
A) Plasma Membrane Receptor
B) Intracellular Receptor
C) Non-specific Ligand Receptor
D) Enzyme-linked Receptor
A) Plasma Membrane Receptor
If the mRNA codon reads CCG, what codon will be found on the tRNA?
a) CCG
b) GGC
c) Proline
d) Lysine
b) GGC
Which of the following is NOT an example of a learned behavior?
a) Spatial Learning
b) Migration
c) Imprinting
d) Social Learning
b) Migration
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the inducible lac operon?
a) The default state is "off" and it must be turned on in the presence of lactose.
b) The default state is "on" and must be turned off in the presence of lactose.
a) The default state is "off" and it must be turned on in the presence of lactose.
In eukaryotic cells, the use of organelles to separate specific metabolic reactions from the rest of the cell is known as ____.
compartmentalization
Which of the following does not occur during the Calvin cycle?
A) Carbon fixation
B) Release of oxygen
C) Conversion of ATP
D) Production of a carbohydrate
B) Release of oxygen
Different proteins can be transcribed from the same gene due to RNA splicing. In this process, which of the following is true?
a) Introns are removed, exons are kept
b) Exons are removed, introns are kept
c) Both introns and exons are kept
d) Both introns and exons are removed
a) Introns are removed, exons are kept
Which model of population growth would most likely be observed in an environment where resources are limited and the population exceeds the carrying capacity of the environment?
A) Exponential Growth
B) Restricted Growth
C) Dynamic Growth
D) Logistic Growth
D) Logistic Growth
Name the gradual process by which the species composition of a community changes and develops over time after a disturbance.
Succession